Telling Time: Techniques of Narrative Time in Ulysses and the Odyssey
Telling Time: Techniques of Narrative Time in Ulysses and the Odyssey
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讲述时间：《尤利西斯与奥德赛》的时间叙事技巧
DOI：
10.1163/9789004342514_010
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Nelson
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文献类型：
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作者：
S. Nelson
本文考察了《尤利西斯》和《奥德赛》中的时间和故事叙述，考察了两篇文章中使用的压缩、扭曲和并列时间的技巧。尤利西斯许多玩弄时间的例子（尤其是“喀耳刻”那一集）在《奥德赛》中也有相似之处，包括《奥德赛》在神与人的层次之间使用的突然中断。同样，荷马对神话的运用也为《尤利西斯》中人物内心独白的心理时间和小说外部叙事时间之间的中断提供了一个平行点——随着小说的风格实验变得越来越极端，这种区分也变得越来越有问题。本文探讨了乔伊斯如何继承并复杂化了现代主义的共同利益，即心理时间与“机械”时间的对比，并将其与荷马对“历史”时间与“神话”时间对比的运用进行了比较。通过层层的对比，乔伊斯展现了人类时间体验的复杂性，不断受到记忆、希望和欲望的创造力的影响。像许多现代主义小说作品一样，乔伊斯的《尤利西斯》的核心是时钟时间与时间之间的紧张关系，因为它是经历的。柏格森认为，这种对比是定性时间（dur<s:1> <s:1> <s:1> <s:1> <s:1> <s:1> <s:1> <s:1> <s:1>）和定量时间（机械时间）之间的紧张关系。在乔伊斯的作品中，这种对比出现在稳步发展的情节时间和自由穿梭于过去、现在和未来的人物内心体验的时间之间。希腊史诗也建立在时间形式的对比之上，这里的时间是被视为神话的时间，和被视为历史的时间
This essay considers time and storytelling in Ulysses and the Odyssey by examining techniques used in the two texts to condense, distort and juxtapose periods of time. Ulysses’ many examples of playing with time (including, above all, the “Circe” episode) turn out to have parallels in the Odyssey, including the Odyssey’s use of sudden breaks between the divine and human levels of the poem. Similarly, Homer’s use of myth provides a parallel to the breaks in Ulysses between the psychological time of the characters’ internal monologue and the novel’s external narrative time–a distinction that also becomes progressively problematic as the novel’s stylistic experiments become more and more extreme. The essay explores how Joyce takes over and complicates a common interest of modernism, the contrast between psychological and “mechanical” time, and compares this to Homer’s use of the contrast between “historical” and “mythic” time. By layering these contrasts, Joyce brings out the complexity of the human experience of time, constantly influenced by the recreative forces of memory, hope and desire.Like many works of modernist fiction, Joyce’s Ulysses has at its core the tension between clock time and time as it is experienced. This contrast, explored by Bergson as a tension between qualitative time, or durée, and quantitative, mechanical time, appears in Joyce in a contrast between the time of the plot, which steadily progresses, and the time of the characters’ inner experience, which expands and contracts, while ranging freely between past, present and future. 1 Greek epic is also grounded in a contrast between forms of time, here between time viewed as mythic, and time viewed as historical, as explored by