Environmental contaminant-mixture effects on CNS development, plasticity, and behavior.
Environmental contaminant-mixture effects on CNS development, plasticity, and behavior.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.taap.2004.01.016
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发表时间：
2004-05
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
D. D. Wormley-D.;A. Ramesh;D. Hood
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. D. Wormley-D.;A. Ramesh;D. Hood
多环芳烃（PAH）和卤代芳烃类环境污染物已被证明可以通过胎盘，使胎儿暴露于母亲的污染身体负担中。因此，妊娠期暴露于环境污染物可能导致不良健康结果增加，可能影响认知能力。苯并(a)芘[B(a)P]和2,3,7,8，四氯二苯并对二恶英（TCDD）是两种典型的环境污染物。对文献的系统回顾表明，易感人群的脆弱性与健康差距之间可能存在关系。本文的目的是为环境污染物混合物对发育指标的影响，特别是对神经发育的影响的神经毒理学研究提供一个参考点。环境污染物混合物导致的(1)出生指数、(2)n -甲基-d-天冬氨酸受体（NMDA） mRNA表达、(3)长期增强（LTP）、(4)固定比率性能学习行为、(5)经验依赖活性相关的细胞骨架相关蛋白（Arc） mRNA和蛋白表达的降低，共同支持了神经行为缺陷与妊娠期暴露于这些污染物环境水平之间的关联。总的来说，在这个小型综述中提供的数据评估了妊娠期暴露于环境污染物混合物对学习和记忆的特定指标的影响，包括基于海马的突触可塑性机制。这些指标作为学习和记忆的模板，因此，从脆弱性的角度来看，这些指标可能成为易感人群在发育过程中失调的目标，这些易感人群已经不成比例地暴露于这些污染物中。本综述还讨论了在累积风险评估框架内开发生物标志物的相关性。
Environmental contaminants within the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon class have been shown to cross the placenta exposing the fetus to the contaminant body burden of the mother. Consequently, a gestational exposure to environmental contaminants may result in increased adverse health outcomes, possibly affecting cognitive performance. Benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] and 2,3,7,8, tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) are two prototypical environmental contaminants. A systematic review of the literature suggests that there may be a relationship between vulnerability in susceptible populations and health disparities. The purpose of this mini-review is to provide a point of reference for neurotoxicological studies of environmental contaminant mixture effects on indices of development in general, and on neurodevelopment in particular. Environmental contaminant–mixture-induced decrements in (1) birth index, (2) N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDA) mRNA expression, (3) long-term potentiation (LTP), (4) fixed-ratio performance learning behavior, and (5) experience-dependent activity related cytoskeletal-associated protein (Arc) mRNA and protein expression collectively support associations between neurobehavioral deficits and gestational exposure to environmental levels of these contaminants. Collectively, data are presented in this mini-review evaluating the effect of gestational exposure to environmental contaminant–mixtures on specific indices of learning and memory, including hippocampal-based synaptic plasticity mechanisms. These indices serve as templates for learning and memory, and as such, from a vulnerability perspective, may serve as targets for dysregulation during development in susceptible populations that have been disproportionately exposed to these contaminants. Included in this review is also a discussion of the relevance of developing biomarkers for use within the framework of cumulative risk-assessment.