"Tough Times Have Become Good Times": Resilience in Older Adults With a Low Socioeconomic Position
"Tough Times Have Become Good Times": Resilience in Older Adults With a Low Socioeconomic Position
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DOI：
10.1093/geront/gny007
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Huisman, Martijn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kok, Almar A. L.;van Nes, Fenna;Huisman, Martijn
背景和目标：本定性研究采用弹性的角度来社会经济不平等的老年人的功能。我们的目的是深入了解一些老年人如何管理年龄成功，尽管有一个低的社会经济地位（SEP）在他们的lives.Research设计和方法：半结构化的采访进行了11个弹性的成年人超过79岁的参与纵向老化研究阿姆斯特丹，荷兰。参与者被定义为弹性的基础上有一个低的终身SEP和良好的轨迹的身体，心理和社会功能。扎根理论编码技术被用来确定主题，反映了参与者处理他们所指出的生活中最重要的逆境的不同方式。分析的重点是与社会经济条件相关的经验。结果：从数据中得出反映心理、行为和社会因素的六个主题：从社会联系中获得支持;投资于年轻一代;采取行动管理或改善社会经济条件;透视低SEP的影响;坚持不懈;和辞职逆境。讨论和启示：研究结果表明，成功的老龄化，尽管低SEP在整个人的一生中需要相当多的心理和社会资源。此外，辞职和具体表现的生成性被确定为新的弹性要素。这些发现可能有助于减少对SEP较低的老年人的刻板印象，并使弹性的英雄形象成为主要归因于非凡的个人能力或努力的东西。
Background and Objectives: This qualitative study applied a resilience perspective to socioeconomic inequalities in the functioning of older adults. We aimed to gain insight into how some older adults managed to age successfully despite having a low socioeconomic position (SEP) throughout their lives.Research Design and Methods: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 11 resilient adults over the age of 79 years participating in the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Participants were defined as resilient on the basis of having a low lifetime SEP and favorable trajectories of physical, mental, and social functioning. Grounded Theory coding techniques were applied to identify themes reflecting distinct ways in which participants dealt with what they indicated were the most significant adversities in their lives. The analysis focused on experiences linked to socioeconomic conditions.Results: Six themes reflecting psychological, behavioral, and social factors were derived from the data: drawing support from social contacts; investing in younger generations; taking actions to manage or improve socioeconomic conditions; putting the impact of a low SEP into perspective; persevering; and resigning oneself to adversity.Discussion and Implications: Findings suggest that successful aging despite a low SEP throughout one's lifetime requires considerable psychological and social resources. In addition, resignation and specific manifestations of generativity are identified as new elements of resilience. These findings may help to reduce the stereotyping of older adults with a low SEP, and nuance the heroic image of resilience as something that is primarily attributable to extraordinary individual abilities or efforts.