COVID-19 and ethical preparedness?
COVID-19 and ethical preparedness?
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DOI：
10.1007/s00508-020-01709-7
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发表时间：
2020-07-08
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Druml, Christiane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Druml, Christiane
人类不仅要在医学和实际方面为大流行病做好准备，而且还要在道德问题方面做好准备。管理传染病暴发有各种伦理准则，但它们并不适用于COVID-19大流行的具体方面，因为它们是在不同类型的禽流感和埃博拉疫情暴发之后制定的。今天，我们面临着危及我们基本人权的全新问题。随着COVID-19在全球蔓延，我们正处于寻找治疗方案的绝望境地；但是，虽然紧急，但有可能对患者造成伤害的不良科学是不道德的，因此必须遵守科学规则。假新闻和替代事实可能不容易被识别，也威胁着科学价值。如果不采取限制基本人权的措施，流行病可能会导致卫生系统的崩溃。如果不自愿接受，跟踪人员也是侵犯人权的行为。在危机时期没有保障措施会导致医药产品和物资短缺，从而导致民族主义做法和对国际团结的无知。最后但并非最不重要的是必须向医学院的年轻医生和护理人员传授重症监护的选择性措施和分诊方法以便在传染病爆发和资源短缺的情况下做好准备。
Mankind has to prepare for a pandemic with respect to medical and practical aspects, but also with respect to ethical issues. There are various ethical guidelines for managing infectious disease outbreaks, but they do not apply to the specific aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic, since they were formulated after the different kinds of outbreaks of avian influenza and Ebola. Today we are confronted with completely new issues endangering our fundamental human rights. As COVID-19 is spreading all over the world, we are in a desperate situation to find treatment solutions; however, despite the urgency, scientific rules have to be applied as bad science is unethical since it might be harmful for patients. Fake news and alternative facts might not be easily recognized and are also threatening scientific values. Pandemics might be leading to a meltdown of the health system if no measures are being taken constraining fundamental human rights. Tracking of persons is violating human rights as well if not accepted on a voluntary basis. A failure to have safeguards for times of crisis leads to a scarcity of medicinal products and goods resulting in a nationalistic approach and ignorance of international solidarity. And last but not least selective measures and triage in intensive care have to be taught to young physicians and nursing staff in medical schools in order to be prepared in times of an infectious disease outbreak and scarcity of resources.