Wind and Weather Facility for Testing Free-Flying Drones
Wind and Weather Facility for Testing Free-Flying Drones
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用于测试自由飞行无人机的风和天气设施
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Albéric Gros
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Noca;Guillaume Catry;Nicolas Bosson;L. Bardazzi;Sergio Márquez;Albéric Gros
无人机将很快在成像/制图、包裹递送和客运领域填补我们的航空生态系统，并将需要在任意大气条件下全天候运行，特别是在紧急情况下的恶劣天气条件下。无人机比传统飞机小得多，因此对天气状况更敏感。如今，传统的无人机测试技术质量很差。无人机要么在远离观察者的户外进行测试，在没有很好记录的，不受控制的和不可预测的天气条件下，要么在具有层流和均匀气流的传统风洞中紧紧地绑在支架上，这不足以代表与无人机相关的大气条件。因此，现有的测试很有可能对无人机的性能得出错误的结论。为了解决传统风洞或室外试验方案存在的问题，研制了一种用于飞行器在各种可控大气条件下试验的真实的天气模拟器。风和天气设施由大量风扇组成，这些风扇可以根据需要以各种模式布置。它使无人机受到不同强度和方向的风以及各种天气条件（如雨，雪，冰雹，雾等）的影响。反映真实的世界局势。这些测试可以根据无人机在城市，农村或高海拔环境中保持适当飞行姿态和应对飞行扰动的能力来评估无人机。
Droneswill soon fill our aerial ecosystem in the field of imaging/cartography, parcel delivery, and passenger transport, and will need to operate around the clock in arbitrary atmospheric conditions, especially in adverse weather conditions during emergency situations. Drones are much smaller than conventional aircraft and are thus more sensitive to weather conditions. Today, traditional drone testing techniques are of poor quality. Drones are either tested outdoors quite remote from the observer, in not well documented, uncontrolled and unpredictable weather conditions, or tightly strapped onto a support in a conventional wind tunnel with laminar and uniform wind flows, which are inadequate representations of atmospheric conditions relevant to drones. Existing tests, thus, entail a high risk of reaching false conclusions about drone performance. In order to resolve the issues associated with traditional wind tunnels or outdoor testing protocols, a real weather simulator for testing flying vehicles in various and controllable atmospheric conditions was developed. The wind and weather facility consists of an array of a large number of fans that may be arranged in various patterns on demand. It subjects drones to winds of variable intensity and direction as well as various weather conditions (such as rain, snow, hail, fog etc.) that reflect real world situations. These tests can rate drones according to their capacity in maintaining a proper flight attitude and tackling flight perturbations in an urban, countryside, or high altitude environment.