The Role of Intersensory Redundancy in the Emergence of Social Referencing in 5 1/2-Month-Old Infants
The Role of Intersensory Redundancy in the Emergence of Social Referencing in 5 1/2-Month-Old Infants
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DOI：
10.1037/a0025263
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Bahrick, Lorraine E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vaillant-Molina, Mariana;Bahrick, Lorraine E.
在5个半月大的婴儿中检查了社会参考的早期证据。婴儿习惯于2个电影的移动玩具，一个玩具引起一个女人的积极的情感表达和其他引起的双峰（视听）或单峰视觉（无声）语音条件下的负面表达。据预测，感官间冗余提供的视听（但不提供在单峰视觉）事件将提高检测的情感表达和相应的玩具之间的关系。与预测一致，只有接受双峰，视听事件的婴儿检测到的影响对象的关系的变化，显示在开关测试中，玩具的影响配对被逆转增加看。此外，在随后的现场偏好测试中，他们优先触摸先前与积极表达配对的三维玩具。这些研究结果表明，社会参考出现5 1/2个月的上下文中提供的动态多模态刺激的感觉冗余，甚至5 1/2个月大的婴儿表现出偏好的三维对象的基础上的情感信息所描绘的录像事件。
Early evidence of social referencing was examined in 5 1/2-month-old infants. Infants were habituated to 2 films of moving toys, one toy eliciting a woman's positive emotional expression and the other eliciting a negative expression under conditions of bimodal (audiovisual) or unimodal visual (silent) speech. It was predicted that intersensory redundancy provided by audiovisual (but not available in unimodal visual) events would enhance detection of the relation between emotional expressions and the corresponding toy. Consistent with predictions, only infants who received bimodal, audiovisual events detected a change in the affect-object relations, showing increased looking during a switch test in which the toy-affect pairing was reversed. Moreover, in a subsequent live preference test, they preferentially touched the 3-dimensional toy previously paired with the positive expression. These findings suggest social referencing emerges by 5 1/2 months in the context of intersensory redundancy provided by dynamic multimodal stimulation and that even 5 1/2-month-old infants demonstrate preferences for 3-dimensional objects on the basis of affective information depicted in videotaped events.