Biogeography of Triassic tetrapods: evidence for provincialism and driven sympatric cladogenesis in the early evolution of modern tetrapod lineages
Biogeography of Triassic tetrapods: evidence for provincialism and driven sympatric cladogenesis in the early evolution of modern tetrapod lineages
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2010.0508
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发表时间：
2010-08-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Ezcurra, Martin D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ezcurra, Martin D.
三叠纪四足动物对于理解其进化历史至关重要，因为几个四足动物分支，包括它们的大多数现代谱系，都是在这个时期首次出现或经历了最初的进化辐射。为了测试先前关于三叠纪四足动物群的古生物地理假设，进行了树协调分析（TRA），目的是根据中三叠世和晚三叠世四足动物的复合树提供的系统发育信号来恢复生物地理模式。 TRA 发现了在分析的时间跨度内存在不同古生物地理模式的重要证据。首先，在中三叠世观察到盘古大陆的分布，其中发现了几个世界性的四足动物群。在晚三叠世早期，一个强烈的古纬度影响模式被恢复，一些四足动物谱系仅限于古纬度带。在三叠纪末期，冈瓦纳大陆的领土彼此之间的关系比劳亚大陆的关系更密切，在低古纬度地区有独特的四足动物群。最后，四足动物系统发育记录中超过75%的分支发生事件以同域分裂或区域内替代的形式发生，表明区域层面的进化过程是中三叠世四足动物辐射和几个现代四足动物谱系早期演化的主要驱动力。
Triassic tetrapods are of key importance in understanding their evolutionary history, because several tetrapod clades, including most of their modern lineages, first appeared or experienced their initial evolutionary radiation during this Period. In order to test previous palaeobiogeographical hypotheses of Triassic tetrapod faunas, tree reconciliation analyses (TRA) were performed with the aim of recovering biogeographical patterns based on phylogenetic signals provided by a composite tree of Middle and Late Triassic tetrapods. The TRA found significant evidence for the presence of different palaeobiogeographical patterns during the analysed time spans. First, a Pangaean distribution is observed during the Middle Triassic, in which several cosmopolitan tetrapod groups are found. During the early Late Triassic a strongly palaeolatitudinally influenced pattern is recovered, with some tetrapod lineages restricted to palaeolatitudinal belts. During the latest Triassic, Gondwanan territories were more closely related to each other than to Laurasian ones, with a distinct tetrapod fauna at low palaeolatitudes. Finally, more than 75 per cent of the cladogenetic events recorded in the tetrapod phylogeny occurred as sympatric splits or within-area vicariance, indicating that evolutionary processes at the regional level were the main drivers in the radiation of Middle and Late Triassic tetrapods and the early evolution of several modern tetrapod lineages.