Iron and Alzheimer's Disease: From Pathology to Imaging.
Iron and Alzheimer's Disease: From Pathology to Imaging.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2022.838692
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Zeineh, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tran, Dean;DiGiacomo, Phillip;Born, Donald E.;Georgiadis, Marios;Zeineh, Michael
关键词：
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种使人衰弱的脑部疾病，在没有有效治疗的情况下折磨着全世界数百万人。目前，AD进展的主要特征是斑块内β-淀粉样蛋白和神经元缠结内磷酸化tau的异常积累，引起由于突触和神经元损失引起的神经变性。虽然β-淀粉样蛋白和tau蛋白沉积是AD临床诊断所需的，但此类异常的存在并不能说明全部情况，并且AD进展中神经变性背后的实际机制仍然没有得到很好的理解。对异常铁积累在AD发病机制中起作用的支持包括其在疾病早期阶段的存在、其与β-淀粉样蛋白和tau的相互作用以及其在AD相关炎症中起的重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们提出了人类AD脑中病理性铁蓄积的现有证据，并讨论了可用于表征AD中铁蓄积和失调的成像工具和外周措施，这可能有助于开发基于铁的生物标志物或治疗靶点。
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a debilitating brain disorder that afflicts millions worldwide with no effective treatment. Currently, AD progression has primarily been characterized by abnormal accumulations of β-amyloid within plaques and phosphorylated tau within neurofibrillary tangles, giving rise to neurodegeneration due to synaptic and neuronal loss. While β-amyloid and tau deposition are required for clinical diagnosis of AD, presence of such abnormalities does not tell the complete story, and the actual mechanisms behind neurodegeneration in AD progression are still not well understood. Support for abnormal iron accumulation playing a role in AD pathogenesis includes its presence in the early stages of the disease, its interactions with β-amyloid and tau, and the important role it plays in AD related inflammation. In this review, we present the existing evidence of pathological iron accumulation in the human AD brain, as well as discuss the imaging tools and peripheral measures available to characterize iron accumulation and dysregulation in AD, which may help in developing iron-based biomarkers or therapeutic targets for the disease.
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