A single polymorphic amino acid on Toxoplasma gondii kinase ROP16 determines the direct and strain-specific activation of Stat3.

A single polymorphic amino acid on Toxoplasma gondii kinase ROP16 determines the direct and strain-specific activation of Stat3.
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DOI:
10.1084/jem.20091703
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发表时间:
2009-11-23
期刊:
The Journal of experimental medicine
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Takeda K
Takeda K
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yamamoto M;Standley DM;Takashima S;Saiga H;Okuyama M;Kayama H;Kubo E;Ito H;Takaura M;Matsuda T;Soldati-Favre D;Takeda K

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弓形虫感染会以stat3依赖的方式下调宿主的先天免疫反应,如促炎细胞因子的产生。一项正向遗传方法最近表明,II型菌株由于高度多态性的寄生虫衍生激酶ROP16的潜在缺陷而无法抑制免疫反应。我们通过反向遗传学产生了缺乏rop16的I型寄生虫,并发现寄生虫诱导的Stat3激活存在严重缺陷,最终导致感染巨噬细胞中白细胞介素(IL) 6和IL-12 p40的产生增加。此外,在哺乳动物细胞中,ROP16而非ROP18的过表达导致Stat3磷酸化和Stat3依赖性启动子的强激活。此外,激酶失活的ROP16无法激活Stat3。比较I型和II型ROP16发现,在激酶结构域的单个氨基酸取代决定了菌株在Stat3激活方面的差异。此外,ROP16结合Stat3并直接诱导该转录因子磷酸化。这些结果正式确立了ROP16在寄生虫诱导的Stat3激活中的必要和直接要求,以及单个氨基酸替换在II型ROP16功能中的重要性。
Infection by Toxoplasma gondii down-regulates the host innate immune responses, such as proinflammatory cytokine production, in a Stat3-dependent manner. A forward genetic approach recently demonstrated that the type II strain fails to suppress immune responses because of a potential defect in a highly polymorphic parasite-derived kinase, ROP16. We generated ROP16-deficient type I parasites by reverse genetics and found a severe defect in parasite-induced Stat3 activation, culminating in enhanced production of interleukin (IL) 6 and IL-12 p40 in the infected macrophages. Furthermore, overexpression of ROP16 but not ROP18 in mammalian cells resulted in Stat3 phosphorylation and strong activation of Stat3-dependent promoters. In addition, kinase-inactive ROP16 failed to activate Stat3. Comparison of type I and type II ROP16 revealed that a single amino acid substitution in the kinase domain determined the strain difference in terms of Stat3 activation. Moreover, ROP16 bound Stat3 and directly induced phosphorylation of this transcription factor. These results formally establish an essential and direct requirement of ROP16 in parasite-induced Stat3 activation and the significance of a single amino acid replacement in the function of type II ROP16.
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