Substances with estrogenic activity in effluents of sewage treatment plants in southwestern Germany. 1. Chemical analysis
Substances with estrogenic activity in effluents of sewage treatment plants in southwestern Germany. 1. Chemical analysis
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DOI：
10.1002/etc.5620201001
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发表时间：
2001-10
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
P. Spengler;W. Körner;J. Metzger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Spengler;W. Körner;J. Metzger
气相色谱/质谱法同时测定天然和合成雌激素（17β-雌二醇、雌酮、17α-炔雌醇和美雌醇）、植物雌激素（染料木黄酮和β-谷甾醇）和异种雌激素（邻苯二甲酸苄丁酯、邻苯二甲酸异丁酯、双酚A、4-壬基苯酚[NP]、4-壬基苯氧基乙酸[NP 1 EC]、4-壬基苯酚二乙氧基化物[NP 2 EO]，和α-硫丹）的研究。使用分析物特异性内标和（在某些情况下）氘标记内标，采用标准品加入法进行鉴别和定量。对18个污水处理厂的污水进行了调查。除α硫丹和雌虫醇外，在大多数样本中检测到了所有选定物质。甾体雌激素的中位浓度介于0.4 ng/L（17α-炔雌醇）和1.6 ng/L（17β-雌二醇）之间。发现壬基酚聚乙氧基化物的代谢产物NP、NP 1 EC和NP 2 EO的浓度范围为从上限-ng/L-范围（NP）到下限-μg/L范围（NP 1 EC）。对于除甲雌醇和α硫丹以外的所有物质，计算了中间值，并与欧洲和美国的其他调查结果进行了比较。可能的依赖关系的测量浓度的地理位置，容量，进水成分，和技术拟合的STP进行了讨论。
A gas chromatography/mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous quantitative determination of natural and synthetic estrogens (17β‐estradiol, estrone, 17α‐ethinylestradiol, and mestranol), phytoestrogens (genistein and β‐sitosterol), and xenoestrogens (benzyl butyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, bisphenol A, 4‐nonylphenol [NP], 4‐nonylphenoxyacetic acid [NP1EC], 4‐nonyl‐phenol diethoxylate [NP2EO], and α‐endosulfan) in effluents of sewage treatment plants (STPs) was developed. Identification and quantification were carried out with the standard addition method using analyte‐specific and, in some cases, deuterium‐labeled internal standards. The effluents of 18 STPs were investigated. Apart from α‐endosulfan and mestranol, all selected substances were detected in the majority of samples. The median concentrations of steroidal estrogens were between 0.4 ng/L (17α‐ethiny‐lestradiol) and 1.6 ng/L (17β‐estradiol). The metabolites of the nonylphenol polyethoxylates, NP, NP1EC, and NP2EO were found in concentrations ranging from the upper‐ng/L‐range (NP) to the lower‐μg/L range (NP1EC). For all substances except mestranol and α‐endosulfan, median values were calculated and compared to the results of other investigations in Europe and the United States. Possible dependencies of measured concentrations on the geographical location, the capacity, the influent composition, and the technical fitting of the STPs are discussed.