A critique of fixed and progressive ratio schedules used to examine the neural substrates of drug reinforcement
A critique of fixed and progressive ratio schedules used to examine the neural substrates of drug reinforcement
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DOI：
10.1016/s0091-3057(96)00445-5
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发表时间：
1997-07-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Roberts, DCS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arnold, JM;Roberts, DCS
本文对用于检查可卡因强化的神经基质的固定和渐进比例方案进行了批评。讨论的重点是在检查神经毒性病变和药物预处理对可卡因强化的影响时遇到的问题，我们回顾了与大多数研究中使用的固定比例（FR）方案相关的理论和解释问题，我们得出结论，药物摄入率不能直接解决强化剂功效增加或降低的问题。渐进比率 (PR) 方案比 FR 方案具有一些优势，但现在很明显，相同的实施方案不能应用于所有药物类别。自我服用精神兴奋剂与阿片类药物的动机可能有本质上的不同。我们的结论是，没有一个单一的时间表可以量化药物强化的所有方面，并且行为范式需要根据所研究的特定问题进行调整。 (C) 1997 爱思唯尔科学公司。
This paper is a critique of fixed and progressive ratio schedules used to examine the neural substrates of cocaine reinforcement. The discussion focuses on problems encountered while examining the effects of neurotoxic lesions and pharmacological pretreatments on cocaine reinforcement, We review the theoretical and interpretational problems associated with the use of the fixed ratio (FR) schedules that have been used in the majority of studies, and we conclude that rate of drug intake cannot directly address the issue of increased or decreased reinforcer efficacy. The progressive ratio (PR) schedule offers some advantages over FR schedules, although it is now clear that the same implementation cannot be applied across all drug classes. It is likely that the motivation to self-administer psychostimulant vs. opiate drugs is qualitative ly different. We conclude that there is no single schedule that can quantify all aspects of drug reinforcement and that behavioral paradigms will need to be adapted according to the particular question under study. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Inc.