Ecological contributions to human health in cities
Ecological contributions to human health in cities
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DOI：
10.1007/s10980-018-0708-y
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发表时间：
2018-10-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Jenerette, G. Darrel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jenerette, G. Darrel
背景生态研究，从生物到全球范围，跨越陆地、水文和大气领域，可以为减少健康脆弱性做出更大贡献。同时，针对健康脆弱性的生态研究为城市生态学家提供了一个基于问题的统一框架。目的为拓展城市人类健康脆弱性的生态学研究提供一个框架。方法在生态自组织的背景下，提出了一个城市人类健康生态框架，该框架考虑了环境、积极管理和历史遗产的相互影响如何驱动生态对健康风险和利益的贡献。分别以高温、媒介传播疾病、污染、可达绿地为例，从多功能景观的角度对健康生态框架进行了探讨。结果城市生态过程通过对多种危害和幸福路径的贡献来影响人类健康脆弱性。由此产生的多功能卫生脆弱性景观以突出的热点和区域不公正为特色。增加对生态环境对健康脆弱性贡献的认识的未来途径包括更多地参与跨学科团队和高分辨率环境传感和建模的应用。结论从生态过程的系统和景观角度进行研究和管理将有助于减少城市健康脆弱性，并提供对人类世生态动态的更好理解。
Context Ecological research, from organismal to global scales and spanning terrestrial, hydrologic, and atmospheric domains, can contribute more to reducing health vulnerabilities. At the same, ecological research directed to health vulnerabilities provides a problem-based unifying framework for urban ecologists.Objective Provide a framework for expanding ecological research to address human health vulnerabilities in cities.Methods I pose an urban ecology of human health framework that considers how the ecological contributions to health risks and benefits are driven by interacting influences of the environment, active management, and historical legacies in the context of ecological self-organization. The ecology of health framework is explored for contrasting examples includingheat, vector borne diseases, pollution, and accessible greenspace both individually and in a multifunctional landscape perspective.Results Urban ecological processes affect human health vulnerability through contributions to multiple hazard and well-being pathways. The resulting multifunctional landscape of health vulnerability features prominent hotspots and regional injustices. A path forward to increase knowledge of the ecological contributions to health vulnerabilities includes increased participation in in interdisciplinary teams and applications of high resolution environmental sensing and modeling.Conclusions Research and management from a systems and landscape perspective of ecological processes is poised to help reduce urban health vulnerability and provide a better understanding of ecological dynamics in the Anthropocene.