Glutamate and Mitochondria: Two Prominent Players in the Oxidative Stress-Induced Neurodegeneration
Glutamate and Mitochondria: Two Prominent Players in the Oxidative Stress-Induced Neurodegeneration
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DOI：
10.2174/1567205013666151218132725
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Serviddio, Gaetano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cassano, Tommaso;Pace, Lorenzo;Serviddio, Gaetano
主要神经退行性疾病，如阿尔茨海默病（AD）和帕金森病（PD）的病因尚不清楚，但越来越多的证据表明，谷氨酸和线粒体是导致这些疾病的氧化应激（OS）过程中的两个重要参与者。虽然AD和PD具有不同的病理和临床特征，但OS是导致神经元损伤的共同机制。谷氨酸是神经元和神经胶质细胞中的一种重要的神经递质，它强烈依赖于钙稳态和线粒体功能。在目前的工作中，我们主要关注谷氨酸诱导的钙信号及其与线粒体功能障碍和细胞死亡过程的关系。此外，我们还讨论了该通路的改变如何导致或加重神经退行性疾病。最后，本综述旨在促进这一问题的进一步研究，从而为可能的治疗剂的设计或生物标志物的鉴定提供新的视角。
The aetiology of major neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) is still unknown, but increasing evidences suggest that glutamate and mitochondria are two prominent players in the oxidative stress (OS) process that underlie these illnesses. Although AD and PD have distinct pathological and clinical features, OS is a common mechanism contributing to neuronal damage. Glutamate is an important neurotransmitter in neurons and glial cells and is strongly dependent on calcium homeostasis and on mitochondrial function. In the present work we focused on glutamate-induced calcium signaling and its relation to the mitochondrial dysfunction with cell death processes. In addition, we have discussed how alterations in this pathway may lead or aggravate the neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, this review aims to stimulate further studies on this issue and thereby engage a new perspective regarding the design of possible therapeutic agents or the identification of biomarkers.