Spatiotemporal stability of lip movements in older adult speakers.
Spatiotemporal stability of lip movements in older adult speakers.
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DOI：
10.1044/jslhr.4101.41
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发表时间：
1998-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Wohlert;A. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Wohlert;A. Smith
虽然健康老年人的可懂度通常似乎未受损害，但与年龄相关的变化发生在言语系统的感觉运动成分和诸如言语速率等全局参数中。为了阐明这些变化对言语运动变异性的影响，我们研究了10名76-83岁成年人和10名年轻人的口腔周边能力、言语速率和言语运动学。参与者以习惯性、快速和慢速重复一个短语15次。所得到的嘴唇位移信号的时间和幅度归一化，和连续的标准偏差沿着运动波形相加，以产生一个时空指数（STI）代表个人的变化，在运动模式。参与者倾向于在慢速率下表现出最大的变异性，在快速率下表现出较小的变异性，在习惯速率下表现出最小的变异性。对于老年人，STI在习惯率显着更高（更多的变量）和讲话时间比年轻人更长。口周强度和触觉敏锐度较差，这些老年人比年轻人。我们的结论是，随着感觉运动能力的变化，在老年，扬声器是不太一致的时空组织的言语运动，反映了稳定性下降的言语运动控制。
Although the intelligibility of healthy older adults normally seems unimpaired, age-related changes occur in sensorimotor components of the speech system and in such global parameters as speech rate. In order to clarify the effect of these changes on the variability of speech movements, we examined oral peripheral abilities, speech rate, and speech kinematics in a group of 10 adults age 76-83, compared to a group of 10 young adults. Participants repeated a short phrase 15 times at habitual, fast, and slow rates. The resulting lip displacement signals were time- and amplitude-normalized, and successive standard deviations along the movement waveforms were summed to produce a spatiotemporal index (STI) representing individual variability in movement pattern. Participants tended to show greatest variability at slow rate, less variability at fast rate, and least variability at habitual rate. For the older adults, STI at habitual rate was significantly higher (more variable) and speech durations were longer than those of young adults. Perioral strength and tactile acuity were poorer in these older adults than in young adults. We conclude that as sensorimotor abilities change in old age, speakers are less consistent in the spatiotemporal organization of speech movements, reflecting decreased stability of speech motor control.