A direct approach of design optimization for small horizontal axis wind turbine blades
A direct approach of design optimization for small horizontal axis wind turbine blades
复制标题
小型水平轴风力机叶片设计优化的直接方法
DOI：
10.1016/j.procir.2015.01.047
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Xiongwei Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Tang Xinzi;Xuanqi Huang;R. Peng;Xiongwei Liu
风力发电机转子的性能取决于场地的风力特性和叶片的气动形状。叶片的几何形状决定了转子产生的扭矩和功率。从气动角度看，经济高效的叶片设计是为了实现转子功率系数的最大化。对于小型风力机叶片的设计，有一些不同于大型叶片的因素。例如，小翼型的雷诺数比大翼型低得多，因此大翼型在小型应用中可能表现很差。小型涡轮机在较低风速下自行启动，因此轮毂和叶尖部分对于启动扭矩至关重要，该扭矩应能够克服发电机和机械系统的阻力。本文提出了一种小型风力机叶片设计与优化的直接方法。建立了一种独特的气动数学模型，以获得最佳的叶弦和扭角沿叶跨分布。翼型剖面分析是集成在这种方法。设计优化中考虑了雷诺数效应、叶尖和轮毂效应以及阻力效应。通过一系列的样条和点以及叶片的三维模型，给出了最优的弦和扭角。该方法集成了叶片设计和翼型分析过程，实现了计算流体动力学分析和数控制造的无缝连接。
The performance of a wind turbine rotor depends on the wind characteristics of the site and the aerodynamic shape of the blades. The blade geometry determines the torque and the power generated by the rotor. From aerodynamic point of view, an economic and efficient blade design is attained by the maximization of rotor power coefficient. For small wind turbine blade design, there are some factors different from large blade. Such as, the small ones experience much lower Reynolds number flow than the large ones, thus large wind turbine airfoils may perform very poorly in small applications. The small turbines are self-started at lower wind speed, thus the hub and tip parts are vital for the starting-up torque which should be able to conquer the resistance of the generator and the mechanical system. This paper presents a direct method for small wind turbine blade design and optimization. A unique aerodynamic mathematical model was developed to obtain the optimal blade chord and twist angle distributions along the blade span. The airfoil profile analysis was integrated in this approach. The Reynolds number effects, tip and hub effects, and drag effects were all considered in the design optimization. The optimal chords and twist angles were provided with series of splines and points and three-dimensional blade models. This approach integrates blade design and airfoil analysis process, and enables seamless link with computational fluid dynamics analysis and CNC manufacturing.