Age-related differences in visual scanning at median-divided highway intersections in rural areas
Age-related differences in visual scanning at median-divided highway intersections in rural areas
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aap.2008.10.007
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Boyle, Linda Ng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bao, Shan;Boyle, Linda Ng
本研究的目的是检查年龄相关的差异，在视觉扫描的司机进行三个单独的演习（直行，左转和右转），在两个中间分开的高速公路交叉口与不同的碰撞频率。对三个年龄组的60名驾驶员进行了一项道路研究：年轻人（18-25岁），中年人（35-55岁）和老年人（65-80岁）。研究包括两个受试者间变量（年龄和性别）和两个受试者内变量（驾驶机动性和交叉口类型）。驾驶员的行为是通过他们对左、右和后视镜的视觉采样时间比例以及代表视觉扫描随机性的熵率来衡量的。结果表明，老年人和年轻的司机不利用他们的全扫描范围相比，中年司机，低熵率和倾向于检查较少的区域之前，通过十字路口执行机动。这一趋势在左转和右转机动时更为明显，表明错过意外事件的可能性更大。与年轻和中年驾驶员相比，老年驾驶员在交叉路口谈判期间向左和向右的视觉采样比例显着较小。与中年司机相比，年长和年轻的司机检查后视镜的次数明显减少。(c)2008爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
The objective of this study was to examine age-related differences in visual scanning as drivers performed three separate maneuvers (going straight across, making a left and right turn) at two median-divided highway intersections with different crash frequencies. An on-road study was conducted with 60 drivers in three age groups: younger (18-25), middle-aged (35-55), and older (65-80). The study consisted of two between-subject (age and gender) and two within-subject variables (drive maneuver and intersection type). Drivers' behavior was measured by the proportion of time they visually sampled towards the left, right and rearview mirror, and by an entropy rate representative of randomness in visual scanning. The results showed that older and younger drivers do not utilize their full scanning range when compared to middle-aged drivers, as indicated by lower entropy rate and the tendency to check fewer areas before executing a maneuver through the intersections. This trend was more obvious during left and right turn maneuvers indicating a greater likelihood to miss an unexpected event. Older drivers had a significantly smaller proportion of visual sampling to the left and right during intersection negotiations when compared to younger and middle-aged drivers. Older and younger drivers checked the rearview mirror significantly less when compared to middle-aged drivers. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.