Head impact exposure in collegiate football players.
Head impact exposure in collegiate football players.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.08.003
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发表时间：
2011-10-13
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Greenwald RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Crisco JJ;Wilcox BJ;Beckwith JG;Chu JJ;Duhaime AC;Rowson S;Duma SM;Maerlender AC;McAllister TW;Greenwald RM
在美式足球中，对头盔的撞击以及由此产生的头部加速是脑震荡损伤和潜在慢性脑损伤的主要原因。本研究的目的是量化个别大学橄榄球运动员头部撞击的暴露程度（频率、位置和强度），并调查不同球员位置的头部撞击暴露程度的差异。三个机构总共招收了 314 名球员，三个赛季共记录了 286,636 次头部撞击事件。第 95 个百分位的峰值线性和旋转加速度以及 HITsp（综合严重性测量值）分别为 62.7g、4378 rad/s2 和 32.6。这些暴露措施以及撞击频率因玩家位置和头盔撞击位置而异。跑卫 (RB) 和四分卫 (QB) 受到的头部撞击最严重，而防守线 (DL)、进攻线 (OL) 和线卫 (LB) 受到的头部撞击最频繁（是其他位置的两倍以上）。对头盔顶部的撞击具有最低的峰值旋转加速度（2387 rad/s2），但最大的峰值线性加速度（72.4 g），并且是所有位置中发生频率最低的位置（13.7%）。 OL 和 QB 的正面碰撞频率分别最高（49.2%）和最低（23%.7%）。 QB 头盔后部受到的撞击幅度最大（70.8g 和 5428 rad/s2）且最频繁（44% 和 38.9%）。这项研究量化了大学橄榄球中头部撞击的暴露程度，提供了对于增进对脑震荡损伤和亚脑震荡头部撞击的生物力学的理解至关重要的数据。
In American football, impacts to the helmet and the resulting head accelerations are the primary cause of concussion injury and potentially chronic brain injury. The purpose of this study was to quantify exposures to impacts to the head (frequency, location and magnitude) for individual collegiate football players and to investigate differences in head impact exposure by player position. A total of 314 players were enrolled at three institutions and 286,636 head impacts were recorded over three seasons. The 95th percentile peak linear and rotational acceleration and HITsp (a composite severity measure) were 62.7g, 4378 rad/s2, and 32.6, respectively. These exposure measures as well as the frequency of impacts varied significantly by player position and by helmet impact location. Running backs (RB) and quarter backs (QB) received the greatest magnitude head impacts, while defensive line (DL), offensive line (OL) and line backers (LB) received the most frequent head impacts (more than twice as many than any other position). Impacts to the top of the helmet had the lowest peak rotational acceleration (2387 rad/s2), but the greatest peak linear acceleration (72.4 g), and were the least frequent of all locations (13.7%) among all positions. OL and QB had the highest (49.2%) and the lowest (23%.7%) frequency, respectively, of front impacts. QB received the greatest magnitude (70.8g and 5428 rad/s2) and the most frequent (44% and 38.9%) impacts to the back of the helmet. This study quantified head impact exposure in collegiate football, providing data that is critical to advancing the understanding of the biomechanics of concussive injuries and sub-concussive head impacts.