Probing visual cortical function with discrete chemical lesions.
Probing visual cortical function with discrete chemical lesions.
复制标题
用离散的化学损伤探测视觉皮层功能。
DOI：
10.1016/0166-2236(88)90076-8
复制
发表时间：
1988
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
Wurtz,RH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Newsome,WT;Wurtz,RH
最近的解剖学和生理学实验表明，灵长类动物视皮层中的神经通路选择性地分析视觉运动信息。通过在该通路的识别视觉区域中产生小的化学损伤，已经在皮质神经元的生理特性和恒河猴的行为能力之间建立了新的联系。这种病变提高了运动相关任务的心理物理阈值，而非运动阈值不受影响。小的化学损伤也会削弱猴子利用运动信息引导眼球运动的能力，但对静止目标的眼球运动没有影响。这项技术为运动通路的详细功能分析创造了机会，也可以用于其他视觉通路。哺乳动物视觉系统研究中最有趣的发展之一是发现了多个皮层区域，这些区域对视觉图像进行了广泛的分析，超出了初级视觉区域（纹状皮层，或V1）的分析。在猕猴中，来自许多实验室的研究人员已经在枕叶、颞叶和顶叶中确定了20多个“纹外”视觉区域。图1显示了许多这样的区域，它们共同构成了猕猴大脑12个新皮层的大约一半。目前，这一领域的研究者面临的一个主要任务是了解这些纹外视区是如何单独和共同地对视觉感知和视觉引导行为做出贡献的。
Recent anatomical and physiological experiments suggest that a neural pathway in primate visual cortex selectively analyses visual motion information. By creating small chemical lesions in identified visual areas of this pathway, a new link has been established between the physiological properties of cortical neurons and the behavioral capabilities of rhesus monkeys. Such lesions elevate psychophysical thresholds in motionrelated tasks while leaving non-motion thresholds unaffected. Small chemical lesions also impair a monkey's ability to employ motion information to guide eye movements, but have no effect on eye movements to static targets. This technique creates the opportunity for a detailed functional analysis of the motion pathway and may be employed in other visual pathways as well.One of the most intriguing developments in the study of the mammalian visual system has been the discovery of multiple cortical areas that perform an extensive analysis of the visual image beyond that carried out by the primary visual area (striate cortex, or V1). In the macaque monkey, investigators from a number of laboratories have identified more than 20'extrastriate'visual areas in the occipital, temporal and parietal lobes. Many of these areas are illustrated in Fig. 1, and together they comprise roughly half of the 12 neocortex of the macaque'. A major task now confronting investigators in this field is to understand how these extrastriate visual areas contribute, individually and collectively, to visual perception and visually guided behavior.