Bacterial sulfur cycling shapes microbial communities in surface sediments of an ultramafic hydrothermal vent field.
Bacterial sulfur cycling shapes microbial communities in surface sediments of an ultramafic hydrothermal vent field.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1462-2920.2011.02530.x
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发表时间：
2011-10
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Regina Schauer;H. Røy;N. Augustin;H. Gennerich;M. Peters;F. Wenzhoefer;R. Amann;A. Meyerdierks
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Regina Schauer;H. Røy;N. Augustin;H. Gennerich;M. Peters;F. Wenzhoefer;R. Amann;A. Meyerdierks
Logatchev热液场（LHF）的特点是由喷口流体，这是富含溶解氢和甲烷的流体相比，从玄武岩托管系统。LHF中的厚沉积层部分被特征性的白色垫覆盖。在这项研究中，这些沉积物进行了调查，以确定生态地球化学过程和关键生物相关的初级生产。温度分布在两个垫覆盖的网站显示了传导加热的沉积物。元素硫被检测到在上覆垫和金属硫化物在上层沉积物层。微剖面显示，从更深的沉积层的硫化氢通量密集。荧光原位杂交结果表明，丝状和弧菌，Arcoprotein相关的Epsilonproteobacteria占主导地位的覆盖垫。这与玄武岩产地的硫化物沉积物形成鲜明对比，后者具有类似外观的垫由大型硫氧化γ-变形菌组成。表层沉积物中ε-变形菌（7-21%）和δ-变形菌（20-21%）含量较高。最接近的栽培亲属的生理学，通过比较16 S rRNA序列分析，其特征在于代谢硫组分的能力。高的硫酸盐还原速率以及（34）S中的硫化物贫化进一步证实了地球化学硫循环的重要性。相比之下，甲烷被发现是微生物的生命垫覆盖的表层沉积物的轻微相关性。我们的数据表明，在传导加热的表层沉积物中，微生物硫循环是细菌生物质生产的驱动力，尽管超镁铁质系统的特征在于具有高水平溶解甲烷和氢的流体。
The ultramafic-hosted Logatchev hydrothermal field (LHF) is characterized by vent fluids, which are enriched in dissolved hydrogen and methane compared with fluids from basalt-hosted systems. Thick sediment layers in LHF are partly covered by characteristic white mats. In this study, these sediments were investigated in order to determine biogeochemical processes and key organisms relevant for primary production. Temperature profiling at two mat-covered sites showed a conductive heating of the sediments. Elemental sulfur was detected in the overlying mat and metal-sulfides in the upper sediment layer. Microprofiles revealed an intensive hydrogen sulfide flux from deeper sediment layers. Fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that filamentous and vibrioid, Arcobacter-related Epsilonproteobacteria dominated the overlying mats. This is in contrast to sulfidic sediments in basalt-hosted fields where mats of similar appearance are composed of large sulfur-oxidizing Gammaproteobacteria. Epsilonproteobacteria (7-21%) and Deltaproteobacteria (20-21%) were highly abundant in the surface sediment layer. The physiology of the closest cultivated relatives, revealed by comparative 16S rRNA sequence analysis, was characterized by the capability to metabolize sulfur components. High sulfate reduction rates as well as sulfide depleted in (34)S further confirmed the importance of the biogeochemical sulfur cycle. In contrast, methane was found to be of minor relevance for microbial life in mat-covered surface sediments. Our data indicate that in conductively heated surface sediments microbial sulfur cycling is the driving force for bacterial biomass production although ultramafic-hosted systems are characterized by fluids with high levels of dissolved methane and hydrogen.