Cosmogenic Nuclides and Erosion at the Watershed Scale
Cosmogenic Nuclides and Erosion at the Watershed Scale
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DOI：
10.2113/gselements.10.5.369
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发表时间：
2014-10
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
D. Granger;M. Schaller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Granger;M. Schaller
景观是由各种风化和侵蚀基岩的过程塑造的，这些过程将基岩转化为土壤和沉积物，并向下移动。量化侵蚀率提供了重要的见解，从地质构造和景观演变的影响，土地利用的学科范围广泛的问题。石英沉积物中的宇宙成因核素提供了一个强大的工具，用于确定从单个山坡到大陆河流流域的各个尺度的空间平均侵蚀速率，并为景观如何演变提供了基本线索。埋藏沉积物中的宇宙成因核素包含了数百万年前古侵蚀速率的独特信息。本文探讨了用于推断全流域侵蚀速率的各种方法背后的一些基本思想，并强调了与构造、气候和土地利用问题有关的最新例子。
Landscapes are sculpted by a variety of processes that weather and erode bedrock, converting it into soils and sediments that are moved downslope. Quantifying erosion rates provides important insights into a wide range of questions in disciplines from tectonics and landscape evolution to the impacts of land use. Cosmogenic nuclides contained in quartz sediment provide a robust tool for determining spatially averaged erosion rates across scales ranging from single hillslopes to continental river basins and are providing fundamental clues to how landscapes evolve. Cosmogenic nuclides in buried sediments contain unique information about paleo–erosion rates up to millions of years in the past. This article explores some of the basic ideas behind various methods used to infer catchment-wide erosion rates and highlights recent examples related to problems in tectonics, climate, and land use.