Diversification of Cynoglossinae genera (Cynoglosseae-Boraginaceae) in the western Irano–Turanian bioregion
Diversification of Cynoglossinae genera (Cynoglosseae-Boraginaceae) in the western Irano–Turanian bioregion
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伊朗-图兰尼亚生物区西部的Cynoglosinae属（Cynoglossae-Boraginaceae）的多样化
DOI：
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Sara Manafzadeh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Mahboubeh Sherafati;S. Kazempour;Maryam Khoshsokhan;Shokouh Esmailbegi;Y. Staedler;Sara Manafzadeh
伊朗-图兰尼亚 (I-T) 生物区是旧世界最大的植物多样性宝库之一；然而，其植物区系的多样化模式和表型进化却鲜为人知。 Cynoglossinae 亚族是西部 I-T 生物区的特征，在伊朗高原的沙漠低地和较为湿润的高地都有丰富的物种。伊朗高原约有 70 种食蟹猴亚科物种，其中 47 种为高原特有。在此，使用核内转录间隔序列以及cpDNA rpl32-trnL和trnH-psbA序列来研究Cynoglossinae的分子系统发育、历史生物地理学和祖先特征状态。分子测年和祖先范围重建分析表明，随着帕米尔高原和兴都库什山脉的隆起，Cynoglossinae亚族在中新世中期从西部I-T东部开始了多样化。此外，从上新世开始，阿富汗-印度碰撞和阿拉伯-欧亚大陆交汇的广泛变形可能通过主要的替代事件促进了舌吻亚科的异域物种形成。具有小坚果的一年生植物从具有大坚果的多年生植物的进化伴随着中部到沙漠栖息地的转变。在此，为了解释食蟹猴亚科在西部 I-T 的分布，研究了分支发生、地质和古气候事件之间的一致性。
The Irano–Turanian (I–T) bioregion harbours one of the Old World’s greatest repositories of botanical diversity; however, the diversification patterns and the phenotypic evolution of its flora are sorely understudied. The subtribe Cynoglossinae is characteristic of the western I–T bioregion, species-rich in both the desertic lowlands and the more mesic highlands of the Iranian plateau. About 70 species of Cynoglossinae are present in the Iranian plateau, 47 of which are endemic to the plateau. Herein, nuclear internal transcribed spacer sequences as well as cpDNA rpl32-trnL and trnH–psbA sequences were used to investigate the molecular phylogeny, historical biogeography, and ancestral character states of Cynoglossinae. Molecular dating and ancestral range reconstruction analyses indicated that the subtribe Cynoglossinae has initiated its diversification from the eastern part of the western I–T during the mid-Miocene, concomitantly with the uplift of the Pamir and Hindu Kush mountains. Moreover, from the Pliocene onwards, the Afghan–India collision and extensive deformation of the Arabia–Eurasia convergence likely promoted allopatric speciation in Cynoglossinae via mostly vicariance events. Evolution of annuals with small nutlets from perennials with large nutlets was accompanied by mesic to desert habitat shifts. Herein, to explain distribution of Cynoglossinae in the western I–T, the congruence between cladogenetic, geological, and palaeoclimatic events was investigated.