Effects of Aroclor 1254 on the thyroid gland, immune function, and hepatic cytochrome P450 activity in mallards.
Effects of Aroclor 1254 on the thyroid gland, immune function, and hepatic cytochrome P450 activity in mallards.
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Aroclor 1254 对绿头鸭甲状腺、免疫功能和肝细胞色素 P450 活性的影响。
DOI：
10.1006/enrs.1997.3776
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发表时间：
1997
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
N. Kerkvliet
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Fowles;A. Fairbrother;Kimberly A. Trust;N. Kerkvliet
成年雄性野鸭每周两次灌胃暴露于0、4、20、100、250和500 mg/kg Aroclor 1254，持续5周。通过对绵羊红细胞的抗体滴度、自然杀伤细胞活性和对植物血凝素的淋巴细胞有丝分裂作用来衡量，未发现接触多氯联苯会产生免疫毒性效应。肝细胞色素P450活性测定为乙氧基试卤灵（EROD）和戊氧基试卤灵（PROD）的微粒体脱烷基化。在20 mg/kg剂量下观察到EROD和PROD显著升高，并在100 mg/kg剂量下达到峰值。从100 mg/kg开始诱导总P450，并在250 mg/kg达到峰值。100 mg/kg或以上剂量给药后，相对肝脏重量呈剂量依赖性增加。在以100毫克/千克或更高剂量处理的多氯联苯处理过的鸟类中，甲状腺重量显著增加，但除最高剂量外，未观察到显著的组织学异常。血浆总三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）以剂量依赖性方式降低，最低可见不良作用水平（LOAEL）为20 mg/kg。100 mg/kg给药7天后，T3降低。T3降低的无明显不良作用水平（NOAEL）为4 mg/kg。500 mg/kg剂量组野鸭在第28天和第35天血糖水平降低，而PCB处理组的其他临床血浆生化参数未发生变化。血浆皮质酮水平没有改变PCB治疗。这些结果表明，甲状腺激素水平和P450的活性绿头鸭是敏感的亚慢性PCB接触的总毒性作用和免疫毒性的情况下。
Adult male mallards were exposed to 0, 4, 20, 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg Aroclor 1254 by gavage twice per week for 5 weeks. Immunotoxic effects, as measured by antibody titers to sheep erythrocytes, natural killer cell activity and lymphocyte mitogenesis to phytohemagglutinin, were not detected as a consequence of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure. Hepatic cytochrome P450 activities were measured as microsomal dealkylations of ethoxyresorufin (EROD) and pentoxyresorufin (PROD). Significant elevations in EROD and PROD were noted at 20 mg/kg and peaked in birds treated with 100 mg/kg. Total P450 was induced beginning at 100 mg/kg and peaked at 250 mg/kg. Relative liver weights were dose-dependently increased following treatment with 100 mg/kg or more. Thyroid weights were significantly increased in PCB-treated birds treated with 100 mg/kg or greater, but no significant histological abnormalities were observed, except at the highest dose. Plasma total triiodothyronine (T3) was decreased in a dose-dependent manner, with a significant lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL) of 20 mg/kg. T3 was decreased following 7 days treatment with 100 mg/kg. The no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) was 4 mg/kg for decreased T3. Plasma glucose levels were decreased on days 28 and 35 in mallards treated with 500 mg/kg, while other clinical plasma biochemistry parameters were unaltered by PCB treatment. Plasma corticosterone levels were unchanged by PCB treatment. These results indicate that thyroid hormone levels and P450 activity in mallards are sensitive to subchronic PCB exposure in the absence of gross toxic effects and immunotoxicity.
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影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Gorski,JR;Muzi,G;Weber,LW;Pereira,DW;Iatropoulos,MJ;Rozman,K
通讯作者：
Rozman,K
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
1980
期刊：
The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ghazarian,JG;Martinex,JE;Gallardo,AC;Kulkoski,JA;Peterson,BL
通讯作者：
Peterson,BL
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Silkworth,JB;Antrim,L;Kaminsky,LS
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影响因子：
3.8
作者：
Moore,RW;Jefcoate,CR;Peterson,RE
通讯作者：
Peterson,RE