Relations between emotion, memory, and attention: Evidence from taboo Stroop, lexical decision, and immediate memory tasks
Relations between emotion, memory, and attention: Evidence from taboo Stroop, lexical decision, and immediate memory tasks
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03195840
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发表时间：
2004-04-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Dyer, JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MacKay, DG;Shafto, M;Dyer, JR
本文报道了五个实验，从理论上论证了情绪对记忆和注意力的影响。实验1-3证明了三个禁忌Stroop效应，发生在人们命名禁忌词的颜色。一个影响是禁忌词的颜色命名时间比中性词长，这种影响随着单词重复而减弱。第二个效应是在颜色命名后的惊喜记忆测试中对禁忌词的上级回忆。第三个效果是更好的识别记忆的颜色始终与禁忌词，而不是中性词。这些影响都不是由于检索因素，注意力分离过程，反应抑制，或战略性的注意力转移。实验4和5表明，禁忌词损害立即回忆的前面和后面的话在快速呈现的名单，但不损害词汇的决策时间。我们认为，禁忌词触发特定的情感反应，促进禁忌词的意义，突出的上下文方面，如发生在一个任务和字体颜色禁忌Stroop任务的绑定。
This article reports five experiments demonstrating theoretically coherent effects of emotion on memory and attention. Experiments 1-3 demonstrated three taboo Stroop effects that occur when people name the color of taboo words. One effect is longer color-naming times for taboo than for neutral words, an effect that diminishes with word repetition. The second effect is superior recall of taboo words in surprise memory tests following color naming. The third effect is better recognition memory for colors consistently associated with taboo words rather than with neutral words. None of these effects was due to retrieval factors, attentional disengagement processes, response inhibition, or strategic attention shifts. Experiments 4 and 5 demonstrated that taboo words impair immediate recall of the preceding and succeeding words in rapidly presented lists but do not impair lexical decision times. We argue that taboo words trigger specific emotional reactions that facilitate the binding of taboo word meaning to salient contextual aspects, such as occurrence in a task and font color in taboo Stroop tasks.