Phylogenetic relatedness predicts priority effects in nectar yeast communities
Phylogenetic relatedness predicts priority effects in nectar yeast communities
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2011.1230
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发表时间：
2012-02-22
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Fukami, Tadashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Peay, Kabir G.;Belisle, Melinda;Fukami, Tadashi
优先效应，即物种相互作用的结果取决于它们到达的顺序，是许多群落组装模型的关键组成部分。然而，关于群落中物种之间的优先效应如何在强度上变化以及什么因素解释这种变化，仍然有很多未知之处。我们实验了一个模型自然社区在实验室的微观世界，使我们能够量化的强度优先级的影响，在北方加州生物保护区的蜂鸟授粉灌木的花蜜中发现的大多数酵母物种。我们发现，优先级效应是普遍的，晚到的物种经历了强烈的负面影响，从早到的物种。然而，优先级效应的大小因物种对而异。这种变异在遗传学上是非随机的，在近亲之间的优先效应更强。碳和氨基酸消耗概况的分析表明，近亲属之间的竞争更激烈，由于较高的生态相似性，符合达尔文的归化假说。这些结果表明，潜在的殖民者之间的系统发育相关性可以解释的优先级效应的强度，因此，在何种程度上，社区大会是历史上偶然的。
Priority effects, in which the outcome of species interactions depends on the order of their arrival, are a key component of many models of community assembly. Yet, much remains unknown about how priority effects vary in strength among species in a community and what factors explain this variation. We experimented with a model natural community in laboratory microcosms that allowed us to quantify the strength of priority effects for most of the yeast species found in the floral nectar of a hummingbird-pollinated shrub at a biological preserve in northern California. We found that priority effects were widespread, with late-arriving species experiencing strong negative effects from early-arriving species. However, the magnitude of priority effects varied across species pairs. This variation was phylogenetically non-random, with priority effects stronger between closer relatives. Analysis of carbon and amino acid consumption profiles indicated that competition between closer relatives was more intense owing to higher ecological similarity, consistent with Darwin's naturalization hypothesis. These results suggest that phylogenetic relatedness between potential colonists may explain the strength of priority effects and, as a consequence, the degree to which community assembly is historically contingent.