Differences between urban and rural hedges in England revealed by a citizen science project.
Differences between urban and rural hedges in England revealed by a citizen science project.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12898-016-0064-1
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发表时间：
2016-07-22
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ansine J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gosling L;Sparks TH;Araya Y;Harvey M;Ansine J
树篱在生态和文化上都很重要，也是英国风景的一个显著特征。然而，整个英国的套期保值总长度正在减少。目前研究对冲的挑战涉及对农村而不是城市的对冲及其变异性和地理广度的研究占据主导地位。为了帮助应对这些挑战，并教育公众认识树篱栖息地对野生动物的重要性，2010年，露天实验室方案协调了一项以树篱为重点的公民科学调查。对2891项调查的结果进行了分析。城市和农村地区木本植物种类差异显著。山毛榉、冬青、常春藤、月桂、女贞和紫杉在城市树篱中更常见，而黑刺、荆棘、狗玫瑰、接骨木和山楂在农村树篱中更常见。一些无脊椎动物群体表现出城乡差异。蚂蚁、耳机和屏蔽虫在城市树篱中出现的频率较高，而苍蝇、毛虫、收割者、其他甲虫、蜘蛛和象甲在农村树篱中出现的频率较高。蜘蛛是所有调查中记录最多的无脊椎动物。树篱附近硬面的存在对树篱的结构、植物种类的数量和多样性、野生动物可获得的食物数量和无脊椎动物的数量和多样性都有影响。在一个相邻硬表面的城市树篱中，野生动物可获得的食物显著减少，而在农村树篱中，一个相邻的硬表面影响无脊椎动物的多样性。这项研究强调，城市树篱可能是野生动物的重要栖息地，坚硬的表面可能会对植物物种的数量和多样性以及无脊椎动物的数量和多样性产生影响。这项研究表明，侧重于对冲监视的公民科学方案可以发挥作用，并具有额外的好处，即教育公众了解树篱栖息地的重要性。
Hedges are both ecologically and culturally important and are a distinctive feature of the British landscape. However the overall length of hedges across Great Britain is decreasing. Current challenges in studying hedges relate to the dominance of research on rural, as opposed to urban, hedges, and their variability and geographical breadth. To help address these challenges and to educate the public on the importance of hedge habitats for wildlife, in 2010 the Open Air Laboratories (OPAL) programme coordinated a hedge-focused citizen science survey. Results from 2891 surveys were analysed. Woody plant species differed significantly between urban and rural areas. Beech, Holly, Ivy, Laurel, Privet and Yew were more commonly recorded in urban hedges whereas Blackthorn, Bramble, Dog Rose, Elder and Hawthorn were recorded more often in rural hedges. Urban and rural differences were shown for some groups of invertebrates. Ants, earwigs and shieldbugs were recorded more frequently in urban hedges whereas blowflies, caterpillars, harvestmen, other beetles, spiders and weevils were recorded more frequently in rural hedges. Spiders were the most frequently recorded invertebrate across all surveys. The presence of hard surfaces adjacent to the hedge was influential on hedge structure, number and diversity of plant species, amount of food available for wildlife and invertebrate number and diversity. In urban hedges with one adjacent hard surface, the food available for wildlife was significantly reduced and in rural hedges, one adjacent hard surface affected the diversity of invertebrates. This research highlights that urban hedges may be important habitats for wildlife and that hard surfaces may have an impact on both the number and diversity of plant species and the number and diversity of invertebrates. This study demonstrates that citizen science programmes that focus on hedge surveillance can work and have the added benefit of educating the public on the importance of hedgerow habitats.