The Human Microbiome in the Fight Against Tuberculosis.
The Human Microbiome in the Fight Against Tuberculosis.
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.16-0581
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发表时间：
2017-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Madeleine R Wood;Elaine A. Yu;S. Mehta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Madeleine R Wood;Elaine A. Yu;S. Mehta
摘要人类微生物群是我们对抗结核分枝杆菌的一个有趣的潜在可改变的危险因素，结核分枝杆菌是全球主要的传染病杀手。以前的研究表明，人类微生物群与肺部疾病状态之间存在关联；然而，微生物群与结核病(TB)感染或疾病之间的病因学联系仍不清楚。微生物组的免疫调节作用可能被证明是宿主对结核病的反应中的关键资产，包括在预防结核病感染、减少潜伏期进展、减轻疾病严重性以及降低耐药和合并感染的发生率方面。这篇综述考察了结核病与肠道和肺部微生物群之间的关系。通过PubMed数据库搜索确定了8项研究，包括1项动物研究(N=1)、病例报告(N=1)和病例对照研究(N=6)。在小鼠模型和人类病例报告中，结核病感染和疾病与胃肠道微生物多样性减少有关。在病例对照研究中，痰微生物多样性因结核病状况不同而不同，尽管一些报告发现不同。目前的证据表明，肠道和肺部微生物群与结核病感染和疾病有关。然而，由于研究有限，需要病因学和纵向研究来确定临床相关性。
AbstractThe human microbiome is an intriguing potentially modifiable risk factor in our arsenal against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the leading infectious disease killer globally. Previous studies have shown associations between the human microbiome and pulmonary disease states; however, etiological links between the microbiome and tuberculosis (TB) infection or disease remain unclear. Immunomodulatory roles of the microbiome may prove to be a critical asset in the host response against TB, including in preventing TB infection, reducing progression from latency, mitigating disease severity, and lowering the incidence of drug resistance and coinfections. This review examined the associations between TB and the gut and lung microbiome. Eight studies were identified through a PubMed database search, including one animal study (N = 1), case report (N = 1), and case-control studies (N = 6). TB infection and disease were associated with reduced gastrointestinal microbial diversity in a murine model and human case report. Sputum microbial diversity differed by TB status in case-control studies, although some reported heterogeneous findings. Current evidence suggests that the gut and lung microbiome are associated with TB infection and disease. However, as studies are limited, etiological and longitudinal research is needed to determine clinical relevance.