Structure and Functional Properties of Bacterial Communities in Surface Sediments of the Recently Declared Nutrient-Saturated Lake Villarrica in Southern Chile
Structure and Functional Properties of Bacterial Communities in Surface Sediments of the Recently Declared Nutrient-Saturated Lake Villarrica in Southern Chile
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DOI：
10.1007/s00248-023-02173-2
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发表时间：
2023-02
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Marco Campos;Qian Zhang;J. Acuña;Joaquín I. Rilling;Tay Ruiz;Elizabeth Carrazana;Cristóbal Reyno;Anthony Hollenback;Katelynn Gray;D. Jaisi;A. Ogram;J. Bai;Ling Zhang;Rong Xiao;M. Elias;M. Sadowsky;Jingming Hu;M. Jorquera
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作者：
Marco Campos;Qian Zhang;J. Acuña;Joaquín I. Rilling;Tay Ruiz;Elizabeth Carrazana;Cristóbal Reyno;Anthony Hollenback;Katelynn Gray;D. Jaisi;A. Ogram;J. Bai;Ling Zhang;Rong Xiao;M. Elias;M. Sadowsky;Jingming Hu;M. Jorquera
智利主要淡水水体之一的比利亚里卡湖最近被宣布为营养饱和湖，原因是磷（P）和氮（N）含量增加。虽然正在制定基于环境参数的去污计划，但该计划没有考虑微生物参数。在这里，我们进行了高通量的DNA测序和定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）分析，以揭示在表面沉积物中的细菌群落的结构和功能特性，从现场收集的对比在比利亚里卡湖的人为压力。α多样性揭示了一个升高的细菌的丰富性和多样性，在更富营养化的沉积物。变形菌门、拟杆菌门、酸杆菌门和放线菌门占优势。主坐标分析（PCoA）和冗余度分析（RDA）表明，不同采样点的细菌群落结构存在显著差异。预测功能分析表明，N循环功能（例如，硝化和反硝化作用）显著。微生物共现网络分析结果表明，噬几丁质菌科、热盘菌科、浮菌科和鞭囊菌科为关键类群。通过qPCR检测所有样品中与P（phoC，phoD，andphoX）和N（nifHandnosZ）循环相关的细菌功能基因。此外，RDA相关的N和P循环显示，理化性质和功能基因正相关的几个亚硝酸盐氧化，氨氧化，固氮细菌属。最后，nosZ基因是影响共生网络拓扑特征和细菌相互作用的最重要因素。我们的研究结果是阐明智利湖泊沉积物中细菌群落结构和作用的几种方法之一，这可能有助于保护和净化计划。
Lake Villarrica, one of Chile’s main freshwater water bodies, was recently declared a nutrient-saturated lake due to increased phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) levels. Although a decontamination plan based on environmental parameters is being established, it does not consider microbial parameters. Here, we conducted high-throughput DNA sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses to reveal the structure and functional properties of bacterial communities in surface sediments collected from sites with contrasting anthropogenic pressures in Lake Villarrica. Alpha diversity revealed an elevated bacterial richness and diversity in the more anthropogenized sediments. The phylum Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteria, and Actinobacteria dominated the community. The principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) and redundancy analysis (RDA) showed significant differences in bacterial communities of sampling sites. Predicted functional analysis showed that N cycling functions (e.g., nitrification and denitrification) were significant. The microbial co-occurrence networks analysis suggestedChitinophagaceae,Caldilineaceae,Planctomycetaceae, andPhycisphaeraefamilies as keystone taxa. Bacterial functional genes related to P (phoC,phoD, andphoX) and N (nifHandnosZ) cycling were detected in all samples by qPCR. In addition, an RDA related to N and P cycling revealed that physicochemical properties and functional genes were positively correlated with several nitrite-oxidizing, ammonia-oxidizing, and N-fixing bacterial genera. Finally, denitrifying gene (nosZ) was the most significant factor influencing the topological characteristics of co-occurrence networks and bacterial interactions. Our results represent one of a few approaches to elucidate the structure and role of bacterial communities in Chilean lake sediments, which might be helpful in conservation and decontamination plans.