Leaching assessments of hazardous materials in cellular telephones
Leaching assessments of hazardous materials in cellular telephones
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DOI：
10.1021/es0610479
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发表时间：
2007-04-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Saphores, Jean-Daniel M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lincoln, John D.;Ogunseitan, Oladele A.;Saphores, Jean-Daniel M.
评估废弃电子产品（电子废物）风险的协议因管辖区而异，使制造商和监管机构的任务复杂化。我们比较了联邦毒性特征浸出程序（TCLP），加州的废物提取试验（WET），和总阈值限制浓度（TTLC）的34个电话，以评估危险废物分类的一致性。我们的样品仅铅含量超过TCLP标准（平均值= 87.4 mg L-1;范围= 38.2-147.0 mg L-1;监管限值= 5.0 mg L-1），但五种金属的TTLC未通过：铜（平均203 g kg（-1）;范围= 186-224 g kg（-1）;限值= 2.50 g kg（-1）），镍（9.25克/千克;范围= 6.34-11.20克/千克;限值= 2.00克/千克），铅（10.14 g kg（-1）;范围= 8.22-11.60 g kg（-1）;限值= 1.00 g kg（-1）），锑（1.02 g kg（-1）;范围= 0.86-1.29 g kg（-1）;限值= 0.50 g kg（-1））和锌（11.01 g kg（-1）;范围= 8.82-12.80 g kg（-1）;限值= 5.00 g kg（-1））。未超过WET的临界值。我们检测到几种有机化合物，但浓度低于标准。不存在溴化阻燃剂。这些结果改进了现有的电子废物环境数据库，并强调了审查危险废物监管测试的必要性。
Protocols for assessing the risks of discarded electronic products (e-waste) vary across jurisdictions, complicating the tasks of manufacturers and regulators. We compared the Federal Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), California's Waste Extraction Test (WET), and the Total Threshold Limit Concentration (TTLC) on 34 phones to evaluate the consistency of hazardous waste classification. Our sample exceeded TCLP criteria only for lead (average = 87.4 mg L-1; range = 38.2-147.0 mg L-1; regulatory limit = 5.0 mg L-1), but failed TTLC for five metals: copper (average 203 g kg(-1); range = 186-224 g kg(-1); limit = 2.50 g kg(-1)), nickel (9.25 g kg(-1); range = 6.34-11.20 g kg(-1); limit = 2.00 g kg(-1)), lead (10.14 g kg(-1); range = 8.22-11.60 g kg(-1); limit = 1.00 g kg(-1)), antimony (1.02 g kg(-1); range = 0.86-1.29 g kg(-1); limit = 0.50 g kg(-1)), and zinc (11.01 g kg(-1); range = 8.82-12.80 g kg(-1); limit = 5.00 g kg(-1)). Thresholds were not exceeded for WET. We detected several organic compounds, but at concentrations below standards. Brominated flame retardants were absent. These results improve existing environmental databases for e-waste and highlight the need to review regulatory testing for hazardous waste.