Design and Characterization of Antenna-Coupled 30/40 GHz Detectors and Modules for the BICEP Array Experiment
Design and Characterization of Antenna-Coupled 30/40 GHz Detectors and Modules for the BICEP Array Experiment
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用于 BICEP 阵列实验的天线耦合 30/40 GHz 探测器和模块的设计和表征
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Soliman;P. Ade;Z. Ahmed;M. Amiri;D. Barkats;R. Thakur;C. Bischoff;J. Bock;H. Boenish;E. Bullock;V. Buza;J. Cheshire;J. Connors;J. Cornelison;M. Crumrine;A. Cukierman;M. Dierickx;L. Duband;S. Fatigoni;J. Filippini;G. Hall;M. Halpern;S. Harrison;S. Henderson;S. Hildebrandt;G. Hilton;H. Hui;K. Irwin;J. Kang;K. Karkare;E. Karpel;S. Kefeli;J. Kovac;C. Kuo;K. Lau;K. Megerian;L. Moncelsi;T. Namikawa;H. Nguyen;R. O’Brient;S. Palladino;N. Precup;C. Pryke;B. Racine;C. Reintsema;S. Richter;B. Schmitt;R. Schwarz;C. Sheehy;A. Schillaci;T. S. Germaine;B. Steinbach;R. Sudiwala;K. Thompson;C. Tucker;A. Turner;C. Umilta;A. Vieregg;A. Wandui;A. Weber;D. Wiebe;J. Willmert;W. L. K. Wu;E. Yang;K. Yoon;E. Young;C. Yu;C. Zhang
宇宙暴胀模型家族预言了一个原始引力波背景，它在宇宙微波背景（CMB）中留下了B模偏振图案。需要具有宽频率覆盖范围和良好控制的系统误差的高灵敏度仪器来限制微弱的B模式振幅。我们已经开发了天线耦合的过渡边缘传感器（TES）阵列的高灵敏度极化CMB的意见在广泛的毫米波段。BICEP阵列是BICEP/Keck实验系列的最新阶段，是一个多接收器实验，旨在经过3年的观测，根据前景复杂性和透镜去除程度，以0.002和0.004之间的精度（r）搜索暴胀B模式偏振。我们描述了BICEP阵列的低频30/40 GHz探测器天线的电磁设计和测量性能，它们在焦平面模块中的封装，以及光学特性，包括效率和偏振对之间的波束匹配。我们总结了设计和模拟的光学性能，包括一种方法来提高由于失配损耗的光效率。我们报告了一种新的宽带天线设计的测量光束图，以最大限度地减少与模块外壳框架相互作用引起的偏振对之间的光束微分椭圆率，这有助于最大限度地减少将CMB温度转换为CMB图中的偏振（T → P）各向异性的偏振光束失配。
Families of cosmic inflation models predict a primordial gravitational-wave background that imprints B-mode polarization pattern in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). High sensitivity instruments with wide frequency coverage and well-controlled systematic errors are needed to constrain the faint B-mode amplitude. We have developed antenna-coupled transition-edge sensor (TES) arrays for high-sensitivity polarized CMB observations over a wide range of millimeter-wave bands. BICEP Array, the latest phase of the BICEP/Keck experiment series, is a multi-receiver experiment designed to search for inflationary B-mode polarization to a precision (r) between 0.002 and 0.004 after 3 full years of observations, depending on foreground complexity and the degree of lensing removal. We describe the electromagnetic design and measured performance of BICEP Array’s lowfrequency 30/40 GHz detector antennas, their packaging in focal plane modules, and optical characterization including efficiency and beam matching between polarization pairs. We summarize the design and simulated optical performance, including an approach to improve the optical efficiency due to mismatch losses. We report the measured beam maps for a new broad-band corrugation design to minimize beam differential ellipticity between polarization pairs caused by interactions with the module housing frame, which helps minimize polarized beam mismatch that converts CMB temperature to polarization (T → P) anisotropy in CMB maps.