The application of DTI to investigate white matter abnormalities in schizophrenia
The application of DTI to investigate white matter abnormalities in schizophrenia
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DOI：
10.1196/annals.1340.024
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shenton, ME
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kubicki, M;Westin, CF;Shenton, ME
精神分裂症是一种严重的致残性精神障碍，影响大约1%的总人口，对患者、家庭和更大社区的心理和经济资源往往具有破坏性影响。精神分裂症的病因尚不清楚，尽管它可能涉及几个相互作用的生物和环境因素，使个人容易患上精神分裂症。然而，尽管潜在的病理机制尚不清楚，但人们认为大脑异常最终将与精神分裂症的病因有关。这一理论在20世纪70年代被重新点燃，当时第一次计算机辅助断层扫描(CT)研究显示精神分裂症患者的侧脑室扩大。从那时起，磁共振的采集和图像处理有了许多改进，包括正电子发射断层扫描(PET)，随后是功能磁共振(FMRI)和扩散张量成像(DTI)。这些进展使人们认识到大脑异常在精神分裂症中所起的关键作用。虽然结构磁共振已被证明在研究和检测精神分裂症的灰质异常方面很有用，但事实证明，白质的研究更具挑战性，因为白质在常规MRI上看起来是均匀的，连接不同大脑区域的纤维无法识别。随着DTI的发展，我们现在能够研究精神分裂症患者的白质异常。
Schizophrenia is a serious and disabling mental disorder that affects approximately 1% of the general population, with often devastating effects on the psychological and financial resources of the patient, family, and larger community. The etiology of schizophrenia is not known, although it likely involves several interacting biological and environmental factors that predispose an individual to schizophrenia. However, although the underlying pathology re mains unknown, it has been believed that brain abnormalities would ultimately be linked to the etiology of schizophrenia. This theory was rekindled in the 1970s, I when the first computer-assisted tomography (CT) study showed enlarged lateral ventricles in schizophrenia. Since that time, there have been many improvements in MR acquisition and image processing, including the introduction of positron emission tomography (PET), followed by functional MR (fMRI), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). These advances have led to an appreciation of the critical role that brain abnormalities play in schizophrenia. While structural MRI has proven to be useful in investigating and detecting gray matter abnormalities in schizophrenia, the investigation of white matter has proven to be more challenging as white matter appears homogeneous on conventional MRI and the fibers connecting different brain regions cannot be appreciated. With the development of DTI, we are now able to investigate white d matter abnormalities in schizophrenia.