Justifications Shape Ethical Blind Spots
Justifications Shape Ethical Blind Spots
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DOI：
10.1177/0956797615571018
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Shalvi, Shaul
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pittarello, Andrea;Leib, Margarita;Shalvi, Shaul
从某种程度上说，不道德行为的产生是由于人们对道德考虑的关注有限，从而形成了道德盲点。在这里，我们关注的是模糊性在塑造人们的伦理盲点，从而导致他们的伦理失败中所起的作用。我们认为，在模棱两可的设置，个人的注意力转移到诱人的信息，这决定了他们的谎言的大小。采用一种新颖的模糊骰子范例，我们要求参与者报告骰子滚动的结果，该结果最接近计算机屏幕上先前呈现的固定十字架的位置;这个结果将决定他们的报酬。我们将第二接近固定十字的骰子的值改变为更高（即，诱人）或更低（即，不是诱人的）比最接近固定十字的模具。两个实验的结果表明，在模糊的设置，人们的不正确的反应是自我服务。跟踪参与者的眼球运动表明，人们的道德盲点是由对诱人信息的关注增加而形成的。
To some extent, unethical behavior results from people's limited attention to ethical considerations, which results in an ethical blind spot. Here, we focus on the role of ambiguity in shaping people's ethical blind spots, which in turn lead to their ethical failures. We suggest that in ambiguous settings, individuals' attention shifts toward tempting information, which determines the magnitude of their lies. Employing a novel ambiguous-dice paradigm, we asked participants to report the outcome of the die roll appearing closest to the location of a previously presented fixation cross on a computer screen; this outcome would determine their pay. We varied the value of the die second closest to the fixation cross to be either higher (i.e., tempting) or lower (i.e., not tempting) than the die closest to the fixation cross. Results of two experiments revealed that in ambiguous settings, people's incorrect responses were self-serving. Tracking participants' eye movements demonstrated that people's ethical blind spots are shaped by increased attention toward tempting information.