The time of day of food intake influences overall intake in humans
The time of day of food intake influences overall intake in humans
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DOI：
10.1093/jn/134.1.104
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
de Castro, JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
de Castro, JM
昼夜节律会影响食物的摄入，早期的研究表明，膳食量增加，而餐后间隔和饱腹感比率在一天中下降。我们假设一天中的食物摄入时间与总摄入量有关，因此一天中的早期摄入往往会减少总摄入量，而一天中的后期摄入往往会增加全天的摄入量。375名男性和492名女性自由生活的个人，以前通过7天的饮食日记获得的摄入量进行了重新分析。确定了食物能量的总摄入量和膳食摄入量、摄入的大量营养素的量以及在5个4小时时段（0600-0959、1000-1359、1400-1759、1800-2159和2200-0159 h）内发生的摄入密度，并与全天的总摄入量和膳食摄入量相关。上午摄入比例与总摄入量呈负相关（r =-0.13，P < 0.01），而晚上摄入比例与总摄入量呈正相关（r = 0.14，P < 0.01）。全天各时段摄入的能量密度与总摄入量呈正相关（r = 0.13-0.23，P < 0.01）。结果表明，在一天中的任何部分低能量密度摄入都可以减少总摄入量，早上的摄入特别饱腹，可以减少一天的总摄入量，深夜的摄入缺乏饱腹感，可以导致更大的每日总摄入量。
Circadian and diurnal rhythms affect food intake, and earlier research has suggested that meal sizes increase, whereas the after-meal intervals and satiety ratios decrease over the day. We hypothesized that the time of day of food intake would be related to total intake such that intake early in the day would tend to reduce overall intake, whereas intake later in the day would tend to increase intake over the entire day. The intakes of 375 male and 492 female free-living individuals, previously obtained via 7-d diet diaries, were reanalyzed. The total and meal intakes of food energy, the amounts of the macronutrients ingested and the density of intake occurring during five 4-h periods (0600-0959, 1000-1359, 1400-1759, 1800-2159 and 2200-0159 h) were identified and related to overall and meal intakes during the entire day. The proportion of intake in the morning was negatively correlated with overall intake (r = -0.13, P < 0.01), whereas the proportion ingested late in the evening was positively correlated with overall intake (r = 0.14, P < 0.01). The energy densities of intake during all periods of the day were positively related to overall intake (range, r = 0.13-0.23, P < 0.01). The results suggest that low energy density intake during any portion of the day can reduce overall intake, that intake in the morning is particularly satiating and can reduce the total amount ingested for the day, and that intake in the late night lacks satiating value and can result in greater overall daily intake.