Do girls with anorexia nervosa have elevated autistic traits?
Do girls with anorexia nervosa have elevated autistic traits?
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DOI：
10.1186/2040-2392-4-24
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发表时间：
2013-07-31
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Wheelwright, Sally
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baron-Cohen, Simon;Jaffa, Tony;Wheelwright, Sally
背景：厌食症患者可能有较高的自闭症特征。在本研究中，我们测试了神经性厌食症（厌食症）患者是否在自闭症特征维度测量中自闭症谱系商（AQ）以及与自闭症谱系相关的特征测量中共情商（EQ）和系统化商（SQ）得分较高。方法：分为两组进行测试：(1)厌食症女性青少年66例，年龄12 ~ 18岁；(2)无厌食症的女性青少年：1609人，年龄12 ~ 18岁。两组均采用智商、情商和心理素质进行测试，12至15岁的患者采用父母报告的青少年版本，16岁以上的患者采用自我报告的成人版本。结果：厌食症患者的AQ和SQ均高于预期。他们的情商得分降低了，但只是在较年轻的年龄组中父母报告的版本。使用EQ-SQ分数来计算“认知类型”，与典型女性相比，厌食症患者更有可能表现出S型特征(系统化（S)优于同理心(E)）。结论：女性厌食症患者有较高的自闭特征。临床医生应该考虑关注自闭症特征是否有助于评估和治疗厌食症。未来的研究需要确定这些结果是否反映了与厌食症相关的特征或状态。
Background: Patients with anorexia may have elevated autistic traits. In this study, we tested test whether patients with anorexia nervosa (anorexia) have an elevated score on a dimensional measure of autistic traits, the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ), as well as on trait measures relevant to the autism spectrum: the Empathy Quotient (EQ), and the Systemizing Quotient (SQ).Methods: Two groups were tested: (1) female adolescents with anorexia: n = 66, aged 12 to 18 years; and (2) female adolescents without anorexia: n = 1,609, aged 12 to 18 years. Both groups were tested using the AQ, EQ, and SQ, via the parent-report adolescent versions for patients aged 12 to 15 years old, and the self-report adult versions for patients aged over 16 years.Results: As predicted, the patients with anorexia had a higher AQ and SQ. Their EQ score was reduced, but only for the parent-report version in the younger age group. Using EQ-SQ scores to calculate 'cognitive types', patients with anorexia were more likely to show the Type S profile (systemizing (S) better than empathy (E)), compared with typical females.Conclusions: Females with anorexia have elevated autistic traits. Clinicians should consider if a focus on autistic traits might be helpful in the assessment and treatment of anorexia. Future research needs to establish if these results reflect traits or states associated with anorexia.