SPICE Model Identification Technique of a Cheap Thermoelectric Cell Applied to DC/DC Design with MPPT Algorithm for Low-Cost, Low-Power Energy Harvesting
SPICE Model Identification Technique of a Cheap Thermoelectric Cell Applied to DC/DC Design with MPPT Algorithm for Low-Cost, Low-Power Energy Harvesting
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DOI：
10.3390/app9183744
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发表时间：
2019-09
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Pantoli
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作者：
Pantoli
在这项工作中，一个简单的，基于测量的SPICE（集成电路重点仿真程序）模型的识别技术，提出了用于热电发电机（TEG）模式的低温差的小低成本珀耳帖电池。从热源收集电能是对低功率便携式设备的能量供应问题具有极大兴趣的替代解决方案。然而，专门为此目的设计的具有热电特性的材料通常是昂贵的，因此通常不能用于低成本和低功率应用。出于这些原因，在本文中，我们研究了在TEG模式下开发小型Peltier电池的可能性，以及最大限度地提高这些物体在能量转换和存储方面的效率的方法，因为它们经济，易于使用，并且在市场上具有不同的特性。准确模型的识别是DC/DC转换器设计的关键方面，以保证最大效率。为此，SPICE模型已被验证，并用于DC/DC转换器的设计实例与最大功率点跟踪（MPPT）算法与分数开路电压。结果表明，在ΔT为16 °C时，采用2 × 2 cm的Peltier单元可以获得309 µW的最大功率，所设计的SPICE DC/DC变换器性能证明了TEG模型辨识给出的改进和优化值。
In this work, an identification technique of a simple, measurements-based SPICE (Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis) model is presented for small low-cost Peltier cells used in thermoelectric generator (TEG) mode for low-temperature differences. The collection of electric energy from thermal sources is an alternative solution of great interests to the problem of energy supply for low-power portable devices. However, materials with thermoelectric characteristics specifically designed for this purpose are generally expensive and therefore often not usable for low cost and low power applications. For these reasons, in this paper, we studied the possibility of exploiting small Peltier cells in TEG mode and a method to maximize the efficiency of these objects in energy conversion and storage since they are economical, easy to use, and available with different characteristics on the market. The identification of an accurate model is a key aspect for the design of the DC/DC converter, in order to guarantee maximum efficiency. For this purpose, the SPICE model has been validated and used in a design example of a DC/DC converter with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm with fractional open-circuit voltage. The results showed that it is possible to obtain a maximum power of 309 µW with a Peltier cell 2 × 2 cm at a ΔT of 16 °C and the designed SPICE DC/DC converter performance proved the improvement and optimization value given by the TEG model identification.