MECHANISMS, CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS, AND RISK ASSESSMENT - CELL-PROLIFERATION AND CANCER
MECHANISMS, CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS, AND RISK ASSESSMENT - CELL-PROLIFERATION AND CANCER
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DOI：
10.1002/ajim.4700270213
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发表时间：
1995-02-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
HUFF, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HUFF, J
在过去的十年中，致癌性的机制，特别是化学相关的致癌性，已经引起了相当多的科学和公众的关注。已经获得了许多见解，这将导致更合理和更好的预防、干预和治疗，以减少环境引起的癌症。然而，似乎有一种夸大的倾向，即接受尚未完全表征、完全测试、明确证明和共识接受的“机制”。已确定有100多种物质和接触环境与人类癌症有因果关系或密切相关；对许多人来说，证据首先是在实验动物身上发现的。在实验动物中发现了更多的化学物质具有致癌性，而在暴露的人群中却没有或只有很少的可用信息。更多和扩大的机理和流行病学研究应进一步阐明这些制剂对人类健康的不利影响，包括癌症的相关性。有人声称，实验系统中某些特定化学物质的“机制”与人类无关，因此，被认为对动物具有异常致癌性的化学物质对接触这些化学物质的人类不会产生癌症危害。尽管如此，在获得不可否认的证据之前，我们必须继续以敏感和负责任的谨慎态度行事。这篇评论提供了一个这样的机制的中心和个人观点：细胞增殖和癌症。(C) 1995 Wiley-Liss公司*
Mechanisms of carcinogenesis-and in particular chemically associated carcinogenicity-have attracted considerable scientific and public attention in the last decade. Much insight has been gained that will lead to more reasoned and better prevention, intervention, and treatment for the reduction of environmentally caused cancers. However, there seems to be an exaggerated tendency to embrace ''mechanisms'' not yet fully characterized, completely tested, unequivocally proven, and consensus accepted. More than 100 agents and exposure circumstances have been identified as causally or strongly associated with human cancers; for many the evidence was discovered first in experimental animals. More chemicals have been uncovered as carcinogenic in experimental animals, with as yet no or little available information in exposed human populations. Additional and expanded mechanistic and epidemiological studies should further elucidate the relevance of these agents to adverse human health effects, including cancers. Claims are being posed that certain chemical-specific ''mechanisms'' in experimental systems are irrelevant to humans, and thus chemicals thought to be aberrantly carcinogenic in animals would present no cancer hazard to exposed humans. Nonetheless before undeniable proof becomes available, we must continue to proceed with sensitive and responsible caution. This commentary offers a central and personal view of one such mechanism: cell proliferation and cancer. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.*