New insights into protective humoral responses and HIV vaccines.
New insights into protective humoral responses and HIV vaccines.
复制标题
对保护性体液反应和艾滋病毒疫苗的新见解。
DOI：
10.1097/00002030-200100005-00014
复制
发表时间：
2001
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Davis,D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Stamatatos,L;Davis,D
中和是当病毒与抗体[1]形成复合物时观察到的传染性的可逆丧失。目前，很难在三期试验中验证诱导循环中和抗体具有保护作用这一最简单的假设，因为疫苗诱导的HIV分离株抗体的中和作用与自然传播中涉及的抗体尽可能接近，这在体外很难证明。然而，其他机制也可能达到同样的效果。HIV带着细胞膜从宿主细胞中萌发出来。因此，病毒粒子可以被补体分解。虽然它们也携带宿主的补体控制蛋白，但如果有足够的补体固定抗体结合到包膜糖蛋白上，这种保护可能会被克服。此外，抗体可用于靶向抗体依赖细胞的细胞毒性，这种细胞毒性可以溶解病毒感染的细胞。
Neutralization is the reversible loss in infectivity observed when a virus forms a complex with an antibody [1]. Currently, it is difficult to test the simplest hypothesis that inducing circulating neutralizing anti-bodies would be protective in a phase III trial because neutralization by vaccine-induced antibodies of HIV isolates as close as possible to those involved in natural transmission cannot be easily demonstrated in vitro. However, other mechanisms may achieve the same effect. HIV buds from its host cell, taking the membrane with it. The virions can therefore be lysed by comple-ment. Although they also carry the host's complement control proteins, this protection may be overcome if suf-ficient complement-fixing antibodies bind to the enve–lope glycoprotein. Also, antibodies may serve to target antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity that could lyse virus-infected cells.