Moderation of breastfeeding effects on the IQ by genetic variation in fatty acid metabolism
Moderation of breastfeeding effects on the IQ by genetic variation in fatty acid metabolism
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0704292104
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发表时间：
2007-11-20
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Moffitt, Terrie E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Caspi, Avshalom;Williams, Benjamin;Moffitt, Terrie E.
儿童的智力发展受到遗传和环境经验的双重影响。母乳喂养是最早的产后经历之一。母乳喂养的儿童比非母乳喂养的儿童获得更高的智商分数，可能是因为母乳中独特的脂肪酸。在这里，我们表明母乳喂养和智商之间的关联是由FADS 2的遗传变异调节的，FADS 2是一种参与脂肪酸途径遗传控制的基因。我们在两个出生队列中证实了这种基因-环境相互作用，并排除了对该发现的其他解释，包括基因暴露相关性、宫内生长、社会阶层和母亲认知能力，以及母亲基因型对母乳喂养和母乳的影响。这一发现表明，环境暴露可以用来发现复杂表型中的新候选基因。它还表明，基因可能通过环境来塑造智商，有助于结束先天与后天的争论。
Children's intellectual development is influenced by both genetic inheritance and environmental experiences. Breastfeeding is one of the earliest such postnatal experiences. Breastfed children attain higher IQ scores than children not fed breast milk, presumably because of the fatty acids uniquely available in breast milk. Here we show that the association between breastfeeding and IQ is moderated by a genetic variant in FADS2, a gene involved in the genetic control of fatty acid pathways. We confirmed this gene-environment interaction in two birth cohorts, and we ruled out alternative explanations of the finding involving gene-exposure correlation, intrauterine growth, social class, and maternal cognitive ability, as well as maternal genotype effects on breastfeeding and breast milk. The finding shows that environmental exposures can be used to uncover novel candidate genes in complex phenotypes. It also shows that genes may work via the environment to shape the IQ, helping to close the nature versus nurture debate.