Reducing Body Fat with Altitude Hypoxia Training in Swimmers: Role of Blood Perfusion to Skeletal Muscles
Reducing Body Fat with Altitude Hypoxia Training in Swimmers: Role of Blood Perfusion to Skeletal Muscles
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DOI：
10.4077/cjp.2013.baa071
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发表时间：
2013-02-28
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Kuo, Chia-Hua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chia, Michael;Liao, Chin-An;Kuo, Chia-Hua
游泳运动员往往比其他运动项目的运动员有更多的身体脂肪。本研究的目的是探讨游泳运动员在高原低氧暴露后身体成分的变化以及血液在骨骼肌中的作用。在每天12.3公里的恒定训练量下，年轻的男性游泳运动员（n = 10，14.8 +/- 0.5岁）从海平面移动到2,300米的更高海拔。身体成分测量前和后易位到海拔沿着与8名对照男性受试者谁居住在同一时期的海平面使用双能X线吸收法。为了确定缺氧对肌肉血液灌注的影响，通过近红外光谱法追踪训练后缺氧暴露（16%O-2）期间葡萄糖摄入和胰岛素分泌条件下三头肌和四头肌中的总血红蛋白浓度（THC）。虽然在对照组中没有发现身体成分的变化，但在高原训练的受试者的脂肪量明显减少（-1.7 +/- 0.3 kg，-11.4%），瘦体重增加（+0.8 +/- 0.2 kg，+1.5%）。在模拟海拔2，300米的低氧恢复期间，动脉血氧饱和度随着血浆乳酸的增加而显著降低（类似于93%对类似于97%）。有趣的是，缺氧导致肌肉THC升高，交感神经活动与两个肌肉群中更高百分比的氧饱和度平行发生。总之，本研究提供的证据表明，在餐后条件下增加血液分配到骨骼肌可能有助于增加肌肉质量和降低体重后，3周的高海拔暴露在游泳运动员。
Swimmers tend to have greater body fat than athletes from other sports. The purpose of the study was to examine changes in body composition after altitude hypoxia exposure and the role of blood distribution to the skeletal muscle in swimmers. With a constant training volume of 12.3 km/day, young male swimmers (n = 10, 14.8 +/- 0.5 years) moved from sea-level to a higher altitude of 2,300 meters. Body composition was measured before and after translocation to altitude using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry along with 8 control male subjects who resided at sea level for the same period of time. To determine the effects of hypoxia on muscle blood perfusion, total hemoglobin concentration (THC) was traced by near-infrared spectroscopy in the triceps and quadriceps muscles under glucose-ingested and insulin-secreted conditions during hypoxia exposure (16% O-2) after training. While no change in body composition was found in the control group, subjects who trained at altitude had unequivocally decreased fat mass (-1.7 +/- 0.3 kg, -11.4%) with increased lean mass (+0.8 +/- 0.2 kg, +1.5%). Arterial oxygen saturation significantly decreased with increased plasma lactate during hypoxia recovery mimicking 2,300 meters at altitude (similar to 93% versus similar to 97%). Intriguingly, hypoxia resulted in elevated muscle THC, and sympathetic nervous activities occurred in parallel with greater-percent oxygen saturation in both muscle groups. In conclusion, the present study provides evidence that increased blood distribution to the skeletal muscle under postprandial condition may contribute to the reciprocally increased muscle mass and decreased body mass after a 3-week altitude exposure in swimmers.