Multicomponent polariton superfluidity in the optical parametric oscillator regime
Multicomponent polariton superfluidity in the optical parametric oscillator regime
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevb.92.035307
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发表时间：
2015-07-23
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Marchetti, F. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berceanu, A. C.;Dominici, L.;Marchetti, F. M.
超流性，即液体或气体以零粘性流动的能力，是集体量子相干最显著的含义之一。在液体He-4和超冷原子气体等平衡系统中，超流行为与多种但相关的现象相结合，例如在多连通几何结构中的持续亚稳态流动，以及当击中静态缺陷时无摩擦流动的临界速度的存在。在显示集体相干的驱动耗散系统中，超流体行为的这些不同方面之间的联系远不清楚，比如微腔极化子，这就提出了关于它们的并发性的重要问题。通过理论和实验相结合的研究，我们发现在三流体集体相干态，即所谓的光学参量振荡器中驱动的极化子的情形尤其丰富。一方面，信号流体和怠速流体的锁相后的自发宏观相干被证明是它们同时量子化流动亚稳的原因。另一方面，我们证明了泵浦、信号和怠速在击中静态缺陷时有不同的响应；而信号显示的调制几乎不可察觉，而泵浦和怠速中出现的调制是由非线性和参数过程导致的相互耦合决定的。
Superfluidity, which is the ability of a liquid or gas to flow with zero viscosity, is one of the most remarkable implications of collective quantum coherence. In equilibrium systems such as liquid He-4 and ultracold atomic gases, superfluid behavior conjugates diverse yet related phenomena, such as a persistent metastable flow in multiply connected geometries and the existence of a critical velocity for frictionless flow when hitting a static defect. The link between these different aspects of superfluid behavior is far less clear in driven-dissipative systems displaying collective coherence, such as microcavity polaritons, which raises important questions about their concurrency. With a joint theoretical and experimental study, we show that the scenario is particularly rich for polaritons driven in a three-fluid collective coherent regime, i.e., a so-called optical parametric oscillator. On the one hand, the spontaneous macroscopic coherence following the phase locking of the signal and idler fluids has been shown to be responsible for their simultaneous quantized flow metastability. On the other hand, we show here that the pump, signal, and idler have distinct responses when hitting a static defect; while the signal displays modulations that are barely perceptible, the ones appearing in the pump and idler are determined by their mutual coupling due to nonlinear and parametric processes.