Social Media in Citizen-Led Disaster Response: Rescuer Roles, Coordination Challenges, and Untapped Potential
Social Media in Citizen-Led Disaster Response: Rescuer Roles, Coordination Challenges, and Untapped Potential
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公民主导的救灾行动中的社交媒体：救援人员的角色、协调挑战和未开发的潜力
DOI：
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发表时间：
2018
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
D. Murthy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
W. R. Smith;K. Stephens;Brett W. Robertson;Jing Li;D. Murthy
广泛发生的灾害可能使官方机构提供援助的能力不堪重负，而且往往出现由公民领导的团体协助救灾。随着社交媒体平台的扩大，紧急救援组织有很多方法来利用网络和移动的工具来协调行动和帮助同胞。这项研究使用半结构化访谈和照片启发技术，以更好地了解2017年飓风哈维洪水期间美国德克萨斯州大休斯顿地区的大规模救援工作。我们发现，公民在这些救援过程中使用各种应用程序和社交媒体相关平台，他们扮演三个角色之一：救援人员，调度员或信息编译器。这些救援人员面临的主要社交媒体协调挑战是反馈回路不完整，优先级不明确和沟通过载。这篇正在进行中的论文通过分享公民如何使用社交媒体回应洪水灾民求助的细微差别，为危机和灾害应对研究领域做出了贡献。
Widespread disasters can overload official agencies’ capacity to provide assistance, and often citizen-led groups emerge to assist with disaster response. As social media platforms have expanded, emergent rescue groups have many ways to harness network and mobile tools to coordinate actions and help fellow citizens. This study used semi-structured interviews and photo elicitation techniques to better understand how wide-scale rescues occurred during the 2017 Hurricane Harvey flooding in the Greater Houston, Texas USA area. We found that citizens used diverse apps and social media-related platforms during these rescues and that they played one of three roles: rescuer, dispatcher, or information compiler. The key social media coordination challenges these rescuers faced were incomplete feedback loops, unclear prioritization, and communication overload. This work-in-progress paper contributes to the field of crisis and disaster response research by sharing the nuances in how citizens use social media to respond to calls for help from flooding victims.