Significance of photosynthetic and respiratory exchanges in the carbon economy of the developing pea fruit.
Significance of photosynthetic and respiratory exchanges in the carbon economy of the developing pea fruit.
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光合作用和呼吸交换在豌豆果实发育中碳经济中的意义。
DOI：
10.1104/pp.60.3.412
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发表时间：
1977
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
J. Pate
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. M. Flinn;C. Atkins;J. Pate
油菜果实发育过程中的营养经济。从果实的转运吸收、干物质中C和N的吸收、蒸腾作用以及果实与外部和内部大气的CO(2)交换等方面进行了研究。环境条件为12h d(22℃，果实水平850 μ m(-2) sec(-1))；在开花后6 - 30天，豆荚的光合作用使其从外部大气中获得少量CO(2)，并吸收了果实在白天呼吸的大部分CO(2)。从那时起直到成熟（40天），果实在白天损失CO(2)。CO(2)夜间损失随果龄增加而增加。果实气腔中CO(2)含量为0.15 ~ 1.5% （v/v）。白天的浓度比晚上低。CO(2)水平受果龄、辐射通量和温度的影响。注入气腔的标记CO(2)在光照条件下由荚果固定，种子不固定，在黑暗条件下荚果和种子都不固定。果实从黑暗到光明或从光明到黑暗的转变促进了气体空间CO(2)和O(2)水平的快速变化，这与荚果同化-呼吸平衡的变化一致。果实每克干物质蒸腾量为27.6 cm(3) H(2)O。白天通风量在开花后12 ~ 15天达到最大，随着荚果光合作用对荚果和种子所呼吸的CO(2)的回收作用越来越大，通风量逐渐下降。从亲本植株转移过来的大部分（按重量计69%）转化为种子干物质；近一半（45%）用于有用的种子储备（糖加淀粉-蛋白质-油，45:20:1）。与在黑暗中放置等量的干物质相比，光照导致果实所需的转运减少16%。
The nutritional economy of the developing fruit of Pisum sativum L. (cv. Greenfeast) was studied in terms of intake of translocate, incorporation of C and N into dry matter, transpiration, and CO(2) exchanges of the fruit with its external and internal atmospheres. The environmental conditions were 12-hr days (22 C, 850 mueinsteins m(-2) sec(-1) at fruit level); 12-hr nights of 15 C.Between 6 and 30 days after anthesis, pod photosynthesis resulted in small gains of CO(2) from the external atmosphere, and assimilated most of the CO(2) respired by the fruit during the day. From then until maturity (40 days) the fruit lost CO(2) during the day. Night losses of CO(2) increased with fruit age.The gas cavity of the fruit contained 0.15 to 1.5% (v/v) CO(2). Lower levels were maintained in the day than at night. CO(2) levels were influenced by fruit age, radiant flux, and temperature. Labeled CO(2) injected into the gas cavity was fixed by the pod but not by seeds in the light, and by neither pod nor seeds in darkness. Dark-to-light or light-to-dark transfer of a fruit promoted rapid changes in CO(2) and O(2) levels of the gas space, consistent with a shift in the assimilation-respiration balance of the pod.The fruit transpired 27.6 cm(3) H(2)O per gram dry matter accumulated. Daytime ventilation was greatest 12 to 15 days after anthesis and declined as pod photosynthesis became increasingly involved in the retrieval of CO(2) respired by pod and seeds. Most, 69% by weight, of the translocate from the parent plant was converted to dry matter of seeds; nearly half, 45%, to useful seed reserves (sugar plus starch-protein-oil, 45:20:1). Illumination resulted in a fruit requiring 16% less translocate than if laying down an equal amount of dry matter in darkness.