Childhood and adult socioeconomic position, cumulative lead levels, and pessimism in later life: the VA Normative Aging Study.
Childhood and adult socioeconomic position, cumulative lead levels, and pessimism in later life: the VA Normative Aging Study.
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童年和成人的社会经济地位、累积铅水平和晚年的悲观情绪：VA 规范老龄化研究。
DOI：
10.1093/aje/kwr269
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Schwartz,Joel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peters,JunenetteL;Kubzansky,LauraD;Ikeda,Ai;Spiro3rd,Avron;Wright,RobertO;Weisskopf,MarcG;Kim,Daniel;Sparrow,David;Nie,LindaH;Hu,Howard;Schwartz,Joel
悲观主义是一种消极预期的普遍倾向，是抑郁症、心脏病、中风和癌症存活率降低的风险因素。有证据表明，铅暴露水平较高的人健康状况较差。然而，低社会经济地位（SES）与较高的铅水平和更大的悲观主义有关，目前尚不清楚铅是否独立于其他社会因素影响心理功能。作者考虑了儿童和成人SES之间的相互关系，铅水平和心理功能的数据收集了412波士顿地区的男性在1991年和2002年之间的一个小组的VA规范老化研究。悲观是通过生活取向测试来衡量的。通过X射线荧光测量累积（胫骨）电极导线。结构方程模型被用来量化儿童和成人SES介导的关系，控制年龄，健康行为和健康状况。铅四分位数的四分位距增加与悲观评分增加0.37相关（P< 0.05）。儿童和成人SES低与较高的胫骨铅水平有关，两者也与较高的悲观主义独立相关。铅保持一个独立的协会与悲观主义，即使在儿童和成人SES被认为是。结果表明，铅负担和SES在生命过程中的心理功能在老年人的相互关联的作用。
Pessimism, a general tendency toward negative expectancies, is a risk factor for depression and also heart disease, stroke, and reduced cancer survival. There is evidence that individuals with higher lead exposure have poorer health. However, low socioeconomic status (SES) is linked with higher lead levels and greater pessimism, and it is unclear whether lead influences psychological functioning independently of other social factors. The authors considered interrelations among childhood and adult SES, lead levels, and psychological functioning in data collected on 412 Boston area men between 1991 and 2002 in a subgroup of the VA Normative Aging Study. Pessimism was measured by using the Life Orientation Test. Cumulative (tibia) lead was measured by x-ray fluorescence. Structural equation modeling was used to quantify the relations as mediated by childhood and adult SES, controlling for age, health behaviors, and health status. An interquartile range increase in lead quartile was associated with a 0.37 increase in pessimism score (P< 0.05). Low childhood and adult SES were related to higher tibia lead levels, and both were also independently associated with higher pessimism. Lead maintained an independent association with pessimism even after childhood and adult SES were considered. Results demonstrate an interrelated role of lead burden and SES over the life course in relation to psychological functioning in older age.