Attitudes towards people with a mental disorder: a survey of the Australian public and health professionals
Attitudes towards people with a mental disorder: a survey of the Australian public and health professionals
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1440-1614.1999.00513.x
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发表时间：
1999-02-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Henderson, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jorm, AF;Korten, AE;Henderson, S
目的：本文的目的是比较澳大利亚公众对接受过精神障碍治疗的人的态度与全科医生、精神科医生和临床心理学家的态度。方法：该研究对2031名澳大利亚公众进行了家庭调查，并对872名全科医生、1128名精神科医生和454名临床心理学家进行了邮寄调查。研究人员向调查参与者展示了一幅描述精神分裂症患者或抑郁症患者的小插图。他们被问及接受治疗后，对患者在生活各个方面的长期结果的看法。参与者还被问及他们是否认为所描述的人会受到其他人的歧视。结果：公众和专业人士对精神分裂症患者的预后评价较差，对抑郁症患者的歧视可能性较大；尽管临床心理学家对抑郁症的态度与公众相似，但专业人士对精神分裂症患者的长期预后评价较差，对抑郁症患者的歧视可能性较大；结论：与公众相比，专业人士对精神分裂症患者的长期预后评价较差，对抑郁症患者的歧视可能性较大。这些更消极的态度可能是现实的，基于对精神障碍的更多了解。然而，由于与慢性或复发性疾病患者接触较多，专业态度可能会有偏差。无论哪种方式，卫生专业人员都需要意识到他们的消极态度可能对患者和公众产生的影响。
Objective: The aim of this paper was to compare the Australian public's attitudes towards people who have been treated for a mental disorder with the attitudes of general practitioners, psychiatrists and clinical psychologists.Method: The study involved a household survey of 2031 members of the Australian public and a postal survey of 872 general practitioners, 1128 psychiatrists and 454 clinical psychologists. Survey participants were presented with a vignette describing a person with schizophrenia or one with depression. They were asked opinions about the person's long-term outcome in various areas of life after receiving treatment. Participants were also asked whether they thought the person described would be discriminated against by others.Results: Both the public and professionals rated outcomes as poorer and discrimination as more likely for the person with schizophrenia than for the one with depression, The professionals made more negative ratings than the public, although the clinical psychologists had similar attitudes to the public about depression,Conclusions: Compared to the public, health professionals rate long-term outcomes more negatively and discrimination as more likely. It is possible that these more negative attitudes are realistic, being based on greater knowledge of mental disorders. However, professional attitudes may be biased by greater contact with patients who have chronic or recurrent disorders. Either way, health professionals need to be aware of the effects that their negative attitudes might have on patients and the public.