Identifying populations for conservation on the basis of genetic markers
Identifying populations for conservation on the basis of genetic markers
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1523-1739.1998.96489.x
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发表时间：
1998-08-01
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Pons, O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Petit, RJ;El Mousadik, A;Pons, O
从分子标记的研究中获得的遗传标准，对于选择优先保护的野生物种候选种群可能是有用的。传统上，多样性的措施，如预期的杂合性或多态位点的百分比已被考虑。为了保护，我们建议优先考虑等位基因丰富度的措施。为了标准化群体间等位基因丰富度的结果，我们采用了稀疏化技术。该技术允许在从几个不同群体中抽取的相同大小的样本中评估不同等位基因的预期数量。我们还展示了如何每个人口的贡献，总的多样性可以分为两个组成部分。第一个与种群的多样性水平有关，第二个与种群与其他种群的差异有关。为了保护的目的，一个种群的独特性（就其等位基因组成而言）可能至少与其多样性水平一样重要。这些新的描述符说明通过同工酶和叶绿体DNA数据获得的濒危树种，摩洛哥的摩洛哥坚果树（Argania spinosa（L.）Skeels）。通过这些分析，可以更好地了解摩洛哥坚果树种群的保护价值，特别是该国北部的两个菌株。提出的方法，以确定优先领域的遗传资源的保护阿甘树进行比较，有时主张在保护区设计的情况下，其中的目标之一是最大限度地提高物种丰富度。
To select candidate populations of wild species to be given priority for conservation, genetic criteria gained from the study of molecular markers may be useful. Traditionally, diversity measures such as expected heterozygosity or percentage of polymorphic loci have been considered. For conservation we propose instead that priority should be given to measures of allelic richness. To standardize the results of allelic richness across populations, we sued the technique of rarefaction. This technique allows evaluation of the expected number of different alleles among equal-sized samples drawn from several different populations. We also show how the contribution of each population to total diversity can be partitioned into two components. The first is related to the level of diversity of the population and the second to its divergence from the other populations. For conservation purposes the uniqueness of a population-in terms of its allelic composition-may be at least as important as its diversity level. These new descriptors are illustrated by means of isozyme and chloroplast DNA data obtained for an endangered tree species, the argan tree of Morocco (Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels). With these analyses the conservation value of the argan tree populations, especially those of two isolates present in the north of the country, can be better appreciated. The methods proposed to identify priority areas for conservation of the genetic resources of the argan tree are compared to those sometimes advocated in the case of reserve design, where one of the goals is to maximize species richness.