Linguistic influences on the auditory processing of speech by children with normal hearing or hearing impairment.
Linguistic influences on the auditory processing of speech by children with normal hearing or hearing impairment.
复制标题
语言对听力正常或听力障碍儿童的言语听觉处理的影响。
DOI：
10.1097/00003446-199404000-00004
复制
发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Chavira,E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jerger,S;Elizondo,R;Dinh,T;Sanchez,P;Chavira,E
目的：语音的准确感知需要多维信息的处理。本研究的目的是检查儿童听力障碍情况下语言对言语听觉处理的影响。 设计：使用 Pomerantz 任务的儿科听觉模拟来评估表征语言和听觉维度的处理交互（Pomerantz、Pristach 和 Carson，1989）。该任务产生了斯特鲁普干扰（不相关语义内容的影响）和加纳干扰（不相关语言变异性的影响）的测量（Stroop，1935；Garner，1974a）。受试者为 100 名正常听力儿童和 60 名听力障碍儿童。受试者被要求有选择地关注听觉（声音-性别）维度并忽略语言维度。该任务的逻辑是，如果独立处理维度，则语音性别维度的性能将不会受到不相关维度上发生的情况的影响。另一方面，如果维度不被独立处理，受试者将无法选择性地参与，并且相关维度的表现将受到要被忽略的维度上发生的事情的影响。结果：正常听力和听力受损的儿童都表现出听觉斯特鲁普和加纳干扰效应，表明任何一组都没有独立处理听觉和语言维度。然而，在儿童听力障碍的情况下，语言维度对听觉处理的影响明显较小。听力正常的儿童很难忽略不相关的单词输入并只关注语音性别，而听力受损的儿童在忽略语言维度并选择性地关注语音的听觉维度方面相对成功。这一结果意味着，在存在儿童听力障碍的情况下，听觉语音输入的语言维度可能具有不同的权重或处理价值。听力障碍儿童可能会在听觉维度上不成比例地编码口语，这为语音阅读提供了重要的补充帮助。正在开展进一步的研究来解决这些可能性。结论：在存在儿童听力障碍的情况下，斯特鲁普和加纳干扰均显着减少。这种结果模式表明，在存在儿童听力障碍的情况下，多维语音处理是以较少受刺激束缚的方式进行的。
Objective: The accurate perception of speech requires the processing of multidimensional information. The aim of this research was to examine linguistic influences on the auditory processing of speech in the presence of childhood hearing impairment.Design: The processing interactions characterizing the linguistic and auditory dimensions were assessed with a pediatric auditory analog of the Pomerantz task (Pomerantz, Pristach, & Carson, 1989). The task yields measures of Stroop interference, the effect of irrelevant semantic content, and of Garner interference, the effect of irrelevant linguistic variability (Stroop, 1935; Garner, 1974a). Subjects were 100 normal-hearing children and 60 hearing-impaired children. Subjects were required to attend selectively to the auditory (voice-gender) dimension and to ignore the linguistic dimension. The logic of the task is that performance for the voice-gender dimension will be unaffected by what is happening on the irrelevant dimension if the dimensions are processed independently. On the other hand, if the dimensions are not processed independently, subjects will not be able to attend selectively and performance for the relevant dimension will be affected by what is happening on the to-be-ignored dimension.Results: Both the normal-hearing and hearing-impaired children showed auditory Stroop and Garner interference effects, indicating that the auditory and linguistic dimensions were not processed independently by either group. However, the linguistic dimension exerted significantly less influence on auditory processing in the presence of childhood hearing impairment. Whereas normal-hearing children had remarkable difficulty ignoring irrelevant word input and focusing exclusively on voice-gender, hearing-impaired children were relatively successful at ignoring the linguistic dimension and attending selectively to the auditory dimension of speech. This result implies that the linguistic dimension of auditory speech input may have a different weight or processing value in the presence of childhood hearing impairment. It may be the case that hearing-impaired children encode spoken speech disproportionately in terms of the auditory dimensions, which offer important supplementary aids to speechreading. Further research is being carried out to address these possibilities.Conclusions: Both Stroop and Garner interference were significantly reduced in the presence of childhood hearing impairment. This pattern of results suggests that multidimensional speech processing is carried out in a less stimulus-bound manner in the presence of childhood hearing impairment.