Indigenous Resurgence, Identity Politics, and the Anticommodification of Nature: The Chilean Water Market and the Atacameño People
Indigenous Resurgence, Identity Politics, and the Anticommodification of Nature: The Chilean Water Market and the Atacameño People
复制标题
土著复兴、身份政治和自然的反商品化：智利水市场和阿塔卡梅诺人
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Manuel Prieto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Manuel Prieto
什么是“不合作”的商品化的性质？本文认为，新自由主义环境治理的批判性理解必须与身份形成和动员的复杂过程相抗衡。本文通过对智利水权正式化的分析，展示了土著身份如何颠覆水商品化的过程和政治。智利被广泛认为是世界上最激进的水商品化案例。最近越来越多的文献（主要是在安第斯山脉）强调了水控制和土著复兴之间的关系，强调了土著如何破坏新自由主义。遵循这种方法，并通过分析阿塔卡梅尼奥人的口头证词，我强调阿塔卡梅尼奥人的机构在阿塔卡马沙漠的智利水模型的整个实施。通过研究阿塔卡梅诺斯的水，电力和身份政治之间的亲密关系在他们的沙漠家园的看法，我的结论是，智利的水模式，而不是构成威胁的一个真正的身份，允许一个合法的土著立场的目的，保留一个集体水力财产的阐述。结果提供了一个更全面的理解智利的情况下，身份政治的商品化的自然过程中的作用的矛盾。
What is “uncooperative” about the commodification of nature? This article argues that critical understandings of neoliberal environmental governance must contend with complex processes of identity formation and mobilization. Drawing on an analysis of water rights formalization in Chile, widely seen as the most radical case of water commodification in the world, this article demonstrates how Indigenous identity works to subvert the processes and politics of commodifying water. A growing body of recent literature (mainly in the Andes) has emphasized the relationship between water control and Indigenous resurgence, stressing how indigeneity can disrupt neoliberalism. Following this approach, and through analyzing oral testimonies from Atacameño people, I highlight the Atacameños’ agency throughout the implementation of the Chilean water model in the Atacama Desert. By studying the Atacameños’ perceptions of the intimate relationship between water, power, and identity politics in their desert homeland, I conclude that the Chilean water model, rather than posing a threat to a genuine identity, has allowed for the articulation of a legitimate Indigenous positionality for the purpose of retaining a collective hydraulic property. The results provide a more comprehensive understanding of the contradictions of the Chilean case and the role of identity politics within the commodification of natural processes.