Control of Initiation of DNA Replication in Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli.
Control of Initiation of DNA Replication in Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli.
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DOI：
10.3390/genes8010022
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发表时间：
2017-01-10
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Wilkinson AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jameson KH;Wilkinson AJ
DNA复制的起始在所有细胞中都受到严格的调控，因为染色体拷贝数的不平衡是有害的，往往是致命的。在枯草芽孢杆菌和大肠杆菌等细菌中，在细胞分裂时，在营养生长过程中，必须有两个完整的染色体拷贝，以便在细胞中分裂后分裂成子细胞。在快速生长的条件下，当染色体复制所需的时间超过细胞的加倍时间时，每个细胞周期将有多次起始，子细胞将继承已经进行复制的染色体。相比之下，枯草芽孢杆菌进入产孢途径的细胞只能在细胞周期的短间隔内这样做，此时每个细胞有两条染色体，而且只有两条染色体，一条用于孢子，另一条用于母细胞。在这里，我们简要描述了细菌DNA复制的整个过程，然后详细回顾DNA复制的起始过程。这篇综述涵盖了在oriC上dna引导的复制体组装和启动的多种调节机制，重点是大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌之间的异同。
Initiation of DNA Replication is tightly regulated in all cells since imbalances in chromosomal copy number are deleterious and often lethal. In bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli, at the point of cytokinesis, there must be two complete copies of the chromosome to partition into the daughter cells following division at mid-cell during vegetative growth. Under conditions of rapid growth, when the time taken to replicate the chromosome exceeds the doubling time of the cells, there will be multiple initiations per cell cycle and daughter cells will inherit chromosomes that are already undergoing replication. In contrast, cells entering the sporulation pathway in B. subtilis can do so only during a short interval in the cell cycle when there are two, and only two, chromosomes per cell, one destined for the spore and one for the mother cell. Here, we briefly describe the overall process of DNA replication in bacteria before reviewing initiation of DNA replication in detail. The review covers DnaA-directed assembly of the replisome at oriC and the multitude of mechanisms of regulation of initiation, with a focus on the similarities and differences between E. coli and B. subtilis.