Effects of Early Auditory Deprivation on Working Memory and Reasoning Abilities in Verbal and Visuospatial Domains for Pediatric Cochlear Implant Recipients.
Effects of Early Auditory Deprivation on Working Memory and Reasoning Abilities in Verbal and Visuospatial Domains for Pediatric Cochlear Implant Recipients.
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DOI：
10.1097/aud.0000000000000629
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Spehar B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davidson LS;Geers AE;Hale S;Sommers MM;Brenner C;Spehar B
本研究的总体目标是比较听力正常（NH）和人工耳蜗植入（CI）儿童的言语和视觉空间工作记忆。本研究的主要问题是：1）听觉剥夺是否会导致CI儿童的工作记忆整体或特定领域的缺陷相比，他们的NH年龄伙伴？2)言语重编码的可能性是否会影响CI儿童相对于NH年龄伙伴的推理能力的表现？3)认知障碍儿童在言语和视觉空间工作记忆任务上的表现是否与口语接受性语言水平有关？共有54名年龄在5-9岁之间的儿童参加; 25名CI儿童和29名NH儿童。参与者接受了简单和复杂的言语和视觉空间工作记忆测试。词汇与皮博迪图片词汇测试（PPVT）和推理能力的两个子测试的WISC-IV：图片概念（口头介导）和矩阵推理（视觉空间任务）进行了评估。在控制年龄和母亲受教育程度后，使用方差分析（ANOVA）对各组进行所有测量比较。在考虑了年龄和母亲的教育程度后，CI儿童的工作记忆得分显著低于NH儿童。与视觉空间工作记忆相比，两组之间的语言工作记忆差异更明显。在推理和词汇方面，CI组在PPVT和图片概念方面的得分显著低于NH组，但在矩阵推理方面与NH年龄组相似。本研究的结果表明，CI儿童在工作记忆中存在与储存和处理言语信息相关的工作记忆缺陷。这些赤字扩展到接受词汇和口头推理，并保持控制后，即使较高的母亲教育水平的NH组。他们在WM中存储和处理视觉空间信息的能力以及完成最小化刺激的言语标记的推理任务的能力更接近NH年龄伴侣的表现
The overall goal of this study was to compare verbal and visuo-spatial working memory in children with normal hearing (NH) and with cochlear implants (CI). The main questions addressed by this study were: 1) Does auditory deprivation result in global or domain-specific deficits in working memory in children with CIs compared to their NH age-mates? 2) Does the potential for verbal recoding affect performance on measures of reasoning ability in children with CIs relative to their NH age-mates? 3) Is performance on verbal and visuo-spatial working memory tasks related to spoken receptive language level achieved by children with CIs? A total of 54 children ranging in age from 5–9 years participated; 25 children with CIs and 29 children with NH. Participants were tested on both simple and complex measures of verbal and visuo-spatial working memory. Vocabulary was assessed with the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) and reasoning abilities with two subtests of the WISC-IV: Picture Concepts (verbally mediated) and Matrix Reasoning (visuo-spatial task). Groups were compared on all measures using analysis of variance (ANOVA) after controlling for age and maternal education. Children with CIs scored significantly lower than children with NH on measures of working memory, after accounting for age and maternal education. Differences between the groups were more apparent for verbal working memory compared to visuo-spatial working memory. For reasoning and vocabulary, the CI group scored significantly lower than the NH group for PPVT and Picture Concepts, but similar to NH age mates on Matrix Reasoning. Results from this study suggest that children with CIs have deficits in working memory related to storing and processing verbal information in working memory. These deficits extend to receptive vocabulary and verbal reasoning and remain even after controlling for the higher maternal education level of the NH group. Their ability to store and process visuo-spatial information in WM and complete reasoning tasks that minimize verbal labeling of stimuli more closely approaches performance of NH age mates