MANstruation: A cyberethnography of linguistic strategies of trans and nonbinary menstruators.
MANstruation: A cyberethnography of linguistic strategies of trans and nonbinary menstruators.
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MANstruation：跨性别和非二元月经者语言策略的网络民族志。
DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115974
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Winkler,IngaT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kosher,RowenaBD;Houghton,LaurenC;Winkler,IngaT
跨性别和非二元的月经体验受制于深深性别化的月经话语。诸如“女性卫生”和“女性健康”之类的术语让跨性别者和非二元性者敏锐地意识到，他们不在默认的跨性别者的理想范围内。为了更好地了解这种语言如何影响非顺式女性的批评者，以及他们采取了哪些替代语言策略，我们对跨性别和非二元批评者创建的24个YouTube视频进行了网络精神分析，沿着他们的12，000多条评论。我们观察到一系列的月经经验烦躁不安，女性和男性之间的紧张关系，和跨规范的压力。使用扎根理论，我们确定了三种不同的语言策略vlogger采用导航这些经验：（1）避免标准和女性化的语言;（2）通过男性化重新定义语言;（3）挑战transnormativity。避免标准和女性化的语言，加上依赖模糊和消极的委婉语，揭示了焦虑的感觉。另一方面，男性化策略通过委婉语甚至是超委婉语来引导焦虑，这表明他们努力让月经重新适应跨性别和非二元体验。Vlogger通过霸权男性气质的比喻，使用双关语和文字游戏，有时依靠超男性气质和超规范性来回应。然而，跨规范性可能是两极分化的，反对将跨性别和非二元月经分层的视频博主和评论者对此提出了挑战。综合来看，这些视频不仅揭示了一个被忽视的跨规范者社区，他们展示了与月经的独特语言接触，而且还揭示了去污名化和包容性策略，可以为批判性月经活动和整体研究提供信息。
Trans and nonbinary experiences of menstruation are subject to menstrual discourse that is deeply gendered. Terms such as “feminine hygiene” and “women's health” make trans and nonbinary people acutely aware that they fall outside of the ideal of the default menstruator. To better understand how such language affects menstruators who are not cis women and what alternative linguistic strategies they adopt, we conducted a cyberethnography of 24 YouTube videos created by trans and nonbinary menstruators, along with their 12,000-plus comments. We observed a range of menstrual experiences—dysphoria, tensions between femininity and masculinity, and transnormative pressures. Using grounded theory, we identified three distinct linguistic strategies vloggers adopted to navigate these experiences: (1) avoiding standard and feminizing language; (2) reframing language through masculinization; and (3) challenging transnormativity. The avoidance of standard and feminizing language, coupled with a reliance on vague and negative euphemisms, revealed feelings of dysphoria. Masculinizing strategies, on the other hand, navigated dysphoria through euphemisms—or even hyper-euphemisms—that showed an effort to reclaim menstruation to fit within the trans and nonbinary experience. Vloggers responded through tropes of hegemonic masculinity, using puns and wordplay, and sometimes relying on hypermasculinity and transnormativity. Transnormativity, however, can be polarizing, and vloggers and commenters who rejected stratification of trans and nonbinary menstruation challenged it. Taken together, these videos not only uncover an overlooked community of menstruators who demonstrate unique linguistic engagement with menstruation, but they also reveal destigmatization and inclusion strategies that can inform critical menstruation activism and research as a whole.