Mitochondrial energy metabolism and ageing
Mitochondrial energy metabolism and ageing
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbabio.2010.01.004
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发表时间：
2010-06-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Trifunovic, Aleksandra
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bratic, Ivana;Trifunovic, Aleksandra
老龄化可被定义为“一种渐进的、普遍的功能损害，导致更容易受到环境挑战的影响，疾病和死亡的风险也越来越大”。衰老可能是一个多因素的过程，由各种细胞成分的累积损伤引起。在过去的20年里，老年学研究揭示了参与衰老过程的不同分子途径，并指出线粒体是长寿的关键调节因子之一。哺乳动物年龄的增加与线粒体DNA（mtDNA）突变水平的增加和呼吸链功能的恶化有关。在小鼠中的实验证据表明，体细胞mtDNA突变水平的增加与各种衰老表型有关，如骨质疏松症、脱发、头发变白、体重减轻和生育能力下降。在各种组织如心脏、骨骼肌、结肠隐窝和神经元中的细胞亚群中的马赛克呼吸链缺陷通常在老年人中发现。长期以来，人们已经知道呼吸链缺陷细胞更容易发生凋亡，因此细胞损失增加可能在年龄相关的线粒体功能障碍中很重要。在这篇综述中，我们想指出线粒体能量平衡与衰老之间的联系，以及线粒体代谢与延长寿命的重要分子途径之间的可能联系。(C)2010爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Ageing can be defined as "a progressive, generalized impairment of function, resulting in an increased vulnerability to environmental challenge and a growing risk of disease and death". Ageing is likely a multifactorial process caused by accumulated damage to a variety of cellular components. During the last 20 years, gerontological studies have revealed different molecular pathways involved in the ageing process and pointed out mitochondria as one of the key regulators of longevity. Increasing age in mammals correlates with increased levels of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and a deteriorating respiratory chain function. Experimental evidence in the mouse has linked increased levels of somatic mtDNA mutations to a variety of ageing phenotypes, such as osteoporosis, hair loss, graying of the hair, weight reduction and decreased fertility. A mosaic respiratory chain deficiency in a subset of cells in various tissues, such as heart, skeletal muscle, colonic crypts and neurons, is typically found in aged humans. It has been known for a long time that respiratory chain-deficient cells are more prone to undergo apoptosis and an increased cell loss is therefore likely of importance in the age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review, we would like to point out the link between the mitochondrial energy balance and ageing, as well as a possible connection between the mitochondrial metabolism and molecular pathways important for the lifespan extension. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.